Gathering and Evaluating Sources

Associate Program Material Appendix E Strategies for Gathering and Evaluating Sources |Source |What makes the source credible or what does not make it |Explain in at least two to four | | |credible? Consider the following when addressing the |sentences what information you can | | |source: |gather from this source? | | | | | |What is the author’s affiliation to any organization | | | |related to the subject of the article? Does he or she have| | | |an ulterior motive? | | | | | | |What is the author’s experience with the subject, | | | |including academic or professional credentials related to | | | |the subject of the source article? Does she or he have | | | |what it takes to understand the complexities of the | | | |subject? | | | | | | |Does this article report on information that the author | | | |experienced personally, or is it a summary or retelling of| | | |information from other sources? How close is the author to| | | the actual information? | | | | | | | |Is the information current? When was the information | | | |published or last updated? Might there be resources with | | | |more current information? | | | | | | |In general, does the information in the source article | | | |match the information found in other sources? Or is the | | | |information different or unique? Can this information be | | | |confirmed by more sources than just this one? | | | | | | | |Does the source make any claims without having evidence to| | | |support them? | |Source name |What makes this source credible is that the author |The information that I can gather | |Modernismo and Modernization. |questions some of the central assumptions of cultural |from this source is the past | |Authors: Mazzucchelli, Aldo; |studies and looks for the proof or evidence that supports |traditions and costumes. This source| |Novel: A Forun on Fiction |the facts. The author has an articulate approach to |will give me a more in depth look on | | |current discussion of elements of modernity-material, |how or in what aspects has the | | |technological and cultural objects, which the author |traditions changed and the | | |presents both sides of the subject. This source is not up|modernization of Spanish America. | |to date it was published in 2006, it is however the most | | | |recent article I could locate. | | |Source name |This is one of my favorite sources because it is not bias |This source has everything that I | |Everybody’s HERITAGE. |but it does contain opinions but they are backed with |want to include in my paper from the | |Authour: Dahlson,Conrad |evidence and facts. This source is not up to date but it |food to the religion to the arts and | |Source: Hispanic, sep2005, vol. 18|does have important information in it that has lead to the|music This source will give me | |Issue 9, |changes in Latino or Spanish culture. |information about the food, music, | | | |holidays and other aspects of the | | | |religious beliefs. | | | | | | | | |Source name |I find this online source to be credible by the amount of |This is one of my most recent sources| |http://ohioline. osu. edu/hyg-fact/5|research that has been done. I have researched the |that will include up to date facts | |000/5237. tml |references that this cites lists on the reference page and|and information on the Spanish | | |the facts have the right amount of evidence. The sources |culture. I will be able to find | | |that were used to create the page are form government |information about this cultures | | |websites and articles that have been published. family value, rituals and religious | | | |preferences, eating habits and | | | |celebrations and holidays. | | | | | | | | |Source name |The Americano is an online source that offers a top source|This source will give me the | |http://theamericano. com/2009/08/27|for Hispanic news and commentary. The article that I am |information of what aspects of the | |/hispanic-influence-in-the-united-|using was last updated in 2009. This source has a lot of |Spanish culture have influenced the | |states/ |statistics and has credible sources that have been |United States. This site also gives | | |researched. The website also offers up to date news from |information on architectural | | |all over the world. |influences as well as political | | | |influences. | | | | | | | | |Source name | | | | | | | | | | | |Source name | | | | | | | | | | |

Expectation About the Internet Technology and Web Design

My Expectation about The Internet Technology and Web Designing Nowadays, Internet technology and web designing spread so fast. Most people today use the internet in order to acces any information they needed. computers are the most influential tools in our lives, they are our present and futureSo do I. I am very interested in this matter. From an early age I’ve always been deeply interested in computing. It was my dad, introducing me to the computer systems at his work place that first sparked this interest. I can always remember the feeling of wanting to know just how computers worked, why they worked and what else they could do.This interest never left me, only growing more profound and passionate with every new discovery I made. From communicating with an artificial intelligence to seeing the wonders of the Internet for the first time, computers have left me fascinated with just how much power yet mystery they hold. I took this course because I really want to learn more abo ut the internet technologies and web designing. I want to have my own website. I think that this subject is going to be hard because we have to know the coding to create a certain web page.I think the coding is like (HTML) Hypertext Markup Language  used to tell a browser how to present information or C++. But I am not worry much about this, because my lecturer will be teaching me and of course she will make me understand about this subject. She’s an expert in internet and web designing I will learn and focus on this subject so that it can help me to developed more on this subject in the future. I hope after I learning this subject, I could make and have my own web site. I will try my best to score an ‘A’ in this subject. InsyaAllah.

English Class Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

English Class - Essay Example In a traditional educational setup, the decision making power solely rests with the teacher. When the students are not allowed their adequate share of decision making, they become more of objects rather than conscious human beings with analytic and evaluative senses. (Freire) has identified two basic types of educational concepts, namely the banking education and the problem-posing education, and has discussed the traits of both. The banking education is the typical pedagogical approach in which the teachers are in charge and the students are enslaved. In the exams, children’s memory is checked rather than their analytical skills. The problem-posing concept is on the other end of the scale. In the problem-posing educational concept, the teacher is always cognitive and never narrative. The teacher adopts a reflective approach and inculcates his own reflections in those of the students. In this system of education, neither the teacher nor the students standardize the concepts. T o them, reality keeps transforming and so do the concepts. What is the "banking system" of education? This is a system of education in which the teacher and students do not mutually exert mentally to realize the truth, but the assumed truth is fed into the students by the teacher. The teacher is always right! The teacher prepares the lesson beforehand and makes the presentation in the class.

Packaging for Export 342 wk 7 forum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Packaging for Export 342 wk 7 forum - Essay Example The result of this control has landed Pantos the 4th and 16th places in global sea and air forwarding respectively (Pantos Indonesia, 2012). Pantos has a total warehouse space of 550,000 square meters (Pantos Indonesia, 2012). In June 1997, Pantos Asia was established in Indonesia (Akiva,‎ Meersman, & Voorde, 2013). For 15 years since its establishment in Asia, Pantos Asia has expanded its business through Asia to include India, Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Cambodia, and the Philippines (Surhone, Tennoe, & Henssonow, 2010). As of the most recent analysis of the company carried out in 2012, Pantos Asia had 16 offices, 9 warehouses, in 9 countries around Asia Pacific region (Akiva, ‎ Meersman, & Voorde, 2013). It is documented that since its founding, Pantos Asia has grown to 335% of its total warehouse size (Surhone, Tennoe, & Henssonow, 2010). It is currently covering 105,700 square meters in warehouse space. Freight forwarding has increased by 140% within the same period of 15 years (Surhone, Tennoe, & Henssonow, 2010). The company offers several services designed to meet customer demand. These include Pantos freight forwarding which includes sea, railroad, and air; Pantos warehousing offers a variety of services that ensure shipments are handled with care and accommodates all types of consumer goods (Akiva,‎ Meersman, & Voorde, 2013); and Pantos Express that offers direct delivery service (Pantos Indonesia, 2012). The company also is involved in the movement of large scale and dangerous cargo. For instance, the company records that â€Å"the 190 ton gas turbine power generator shipment from Frankfurt was the biggest in world transportation history (Pantos Indonesia, 2012)†. The company aims at carrying 5 million ton TEUs and 1.2 million tons in air freight to become the world’s logistics partner (Pantos Indonesia,

An analysis of Animal Experimentation articles Essay

An analysis of Animal Experimentation articles - Essay Example The presented arguments by the doctors and research scientists (two experts in their field) indicate that this is a subject that divides opinion between informed, intelligent people. The clear issue in the debate revolves around morality and whether animal experimentation is necessary to safeguard human beings against potentially harmful new drugs and practices in medicine, and is vehemently supported by both sides. 2. Were the problems or issues expressed effectively? Describe how the problems or issues were or were not best expressed. The two articles vary on their ability to express the issues effectively. Lankford uses the article to defend the position of support towards animal experimentation. In this manner, the article does not address the issue but just seems to provide a list of statistics to prove his point. The work highlights a number of animal research achievements and how it has led to the prevention of disease but does not suggest any form of resolution of the issue. The Carlson article does attempt to resolve the issues. The work discusses that â€Å"we can learn to improve public health by looking first at what threatens it† (Carlson), indicating a willingness to seek a resolution. This viewpoint also acknowledges that it is vital to keep questioning forms of medicine and that it can be beneficial to look at the argument from different perspectives. 3. How would you determine the credibility of the sources of information used by the authors in the articles when investigating the problems or issues presented by your topic? The two articles appear to be fairly reliable and credible sources of information regarding the animal experimentation debate. The first, written by Lankford, was written for the Foundation for Biomedical Research. The group is in favor of animal experimentation and use medical facts and statistics to back up their claims. The author is clearly knowledgeable, although the article does not highlight his position in the organization. The second article is an expert opinion in the field of research science. Her work contrasts with the first, emphasizing that the results of animal experimentation have been grossly misjudged. Carlson relies on findings from University studies and medical journals to persuade her audience. In terms of credibility, both articles appear to be so, though Carlson does provide sources for the statistics used whereas Lankford states facts such using language such as â€Å"between 1950 and 2004† (Lankford) but fails to ascertain where they come from. 4. Compare two steps that would be most effective in refining solutions to the problem and resolutions to the issues presented by your topic. The animal experimentation debate is saddled with a number of issues concerning morality and ethics. For animal experimentation to be proven necessary and useful to society, it appears that more clear research and positive results are needed that link the success of medical improveme nts to the need to test them on animals. The main difficulties to overcome are the beliefs surrounding animal cruelty which animal extremist groups chiefly use as their main argument against animal experimentation. These groups will perhaps never be persuaded as to the benefits of animal experimentation but scholars such as Carlson indicates that there is no proof that animal testing is necessary to

South Africa and the end of Apartheid (CASE) Module3 Essay

South Africa and the end of Apartheid (CASE) Module3 - Essay Example In this case, the whites, who had financial influence retorted to discrimination in that, some neighborhoods were out of bound to blacks. This meant that the nation was separated into two, black and poor versus white and rich. In this case, the nation could not function as a democracy as the whites, how took all the power did not allow African leaders to claim any form of leadership position. Additionally, the country’s economic situation was deteriorating for the blacks as all important resources were acquired by the whites who had invested in manufacturing companies. With reflection to the resources that have been reviewed and taught for this module, it is seen that South Africa compares with other nations such as German and Korea. However, while there is East and West Germany as well as North and South Korea, South Africa is similar to these nations as it has suffered period of political and social divide (History of Apartheid in South Africa, 2011). On the other hand, the situation in South Africa is different from the situations portrayed in Germany and Korea. While Germany and Korea have distinct boundaries that separate different political regimes, communist and democratic, South Africa is a solid nation which suffered from racial discrimination. With reference to British influence on the country, various executions of black people were a common trend within the nation. However, while Korean Peninsula, under contest between North and South Korea remains subject to conflict, South Africa has entered a democratic system of governance that has unified the conflicting sides (Knight, 2006). The German unification applied the concept of two-nations-one people while the Korean applies the one-nation-two-regimes. In this case, Germany has been able to sideline her political and physical differences for the sake of national and regional development. On the other hand, Korea unification has separated North and South Korea

Pre-service teachers dealing with autism Research Paper

Pre-service teachers dealing with autism - Research Paper Example The focus in this paper is on teaching that can be considered as an art form. Educators need to make learning an enjoyable experience for their students without sacrificing the quality of education that they as teachers would deliver. There have been scholarly revisions that have been made through the years as researches and further studies are conducted to cope up with changes in views about certain subjects and theories. Research papers are being published from time to time to further explain and elaborate on certain issues that people are facing in their everyday lives. Teaching can be compared to researches as both needs to up-to-date, reliable and well-explained. Firstly, the targeted group should be recognized and not just be included in figures. Therefore, was autism properly defined in the paper or how would a person with autism react? The definition of autism was given as a developmental disorder that has not been very well expounded to the public since the early days of its detection. What is being referred to as the â€Å"autistic syndrome† is considered as a biological condition that needs the medical involvement. There have been studies about it however the public is not well-aware of why and how it transpires. The general public still has questions on how they would treat people who has the disorder. Even educators have questions on what teaching style or approach would be effective for students with autism. ... Even educators have questions on what teaching style or approach would be effective for students with autism. As further reading was made on the paper, a question arises as to why a little attention was given to what supposed to be the sample group for the teachings which is being designed. There has been very little effort that has been made through the years to further educate the public about autism. For a teaching method to be considered as well-planned and deliberated, the targeted group should be verified and known. The research paper only focused on the educators and how and what lessons would be given to the group of students who are mentally challenged. However, it was not identified on how these students would behave and react in certain situations especially with the approach that the pre-service teachers will be using. The design or structure that was used in the paper can be said to be straight to the point. However, it was only done in a way that only one end of the pro ject would benefit. As it has been stated previously, it was only the educators’ side that was given the attention. Consideration should also be given to the students with autism as they would also be an end benefactor of the research. The success or failure of the theories and methodologies is dependent on the way students would react on how pre-service educators would deliver the lessons to them. Therefore, students are also an important factor in this research and not just teachers. It was not the only concern that can be addressed towards the authors. Another aspect of the paper which can be a cause of uncertainty is that a couple of references that were used were quite outdated. There are more than 2 decades that separates the research paper and

The Hyper Modern City Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Hyper Modern City - Essay Example In ‘Drifting in Las Vegas: A Postmodern Ethnography’(1995), the author speaks of how American, British, as well as other geographies have been shaped to be similar to Las Vegas and other brands to make cities as carnivals: The super-hyper version is Las Vegas. I call Las Vegas the Versailles of America ... long after Las Vegas’ influence as gambling heaven has gone, Las Vegas’ forms and symbols will be influencing American life. That fantastic skyline! Las Vegas’ neon sculpture, its fantastic fifteen-story high display signs, parabolas, boomerangs, rhomboids, trapezoids and all the rest of it, are already staple design of the American landscape outside of the oldest parts of the oldest cities. They are all over every suburb, every subdivision, every highway ... They are the new landmarks of America, the new guideposts, the new way Americans get their bearings (Wolfe 1965, p. xvi) The Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary (2003) defines utop ia as â€Å"(the idea of) a perfect society in which everyone works well with each other and is happy†. Due to technological advances, the speed of our lives has increased with the speed of communication, fast foods, and the information age so much so that we try to create our own utopia. Like the thousands of images flashing before our eyes on television, at the cinema, everywhere, we want it our way and we want it now.

Reasons why the world loved Mohammed Ali Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Reasons why the world loved Mohammed Ali - Essay Example nd the defeat of the most famous George Foreman catapulted his fame to reach across all nations in the world making him become a legend in the eyes of the people (Sina 4). Ali gained popularity mainly in the 1960s and 1970s in countries that were considered developing and when he had an interview with Playboy Magazine, he mentioned certain nations which were later on present in the Bandung unity conference, which was meant to intensify the purpose of unity among black people against the Europeans. Most of the countries that Ali mentioned were predominantly Islamic and they attended the conference in large numbers. During the period in which Ali was the controlling world boxing champion, he not only became the most popular Muslim American, but also became the most loved and famous Muslim in the entire universe because he fought against racism and injustice by the administration. Muhammad Ali can be considered as a person who confronted the United States liberation with Islam with the exception of the fact that no one exactly knew the type Muhammad Ali was at the time. The only visible evidence is the manner in which he strongly protested the thought of being an American citizen while at the same time he defended his beliefs as his protected rights. Ali was of the opinion that white people were demons and Allah was a black God who would give black people revenge from showing good deeds during their period on earth (Micklos 8). In as much as his thoughts could be seen as Islamic views, they were no different from those of messianic Black Nationalism. In this regard, Muhammad Ali and his Islamic faith may have served as a motivation to suspect the West of being oppressive instead of being thankful to them. Muhammad Ali became famous and loved in the colored universe after the Second World War for many reasons. Ali combined action and protest showing a strong sense, rare pride and strong racial remarks on his abilities. At the time, most black people cowed away due

Creating a hypothesis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Creating a hypothesis - Essay Example The group was asked to answer 3 questions. 1. Before the video, what was their opinion on abortions and what reason confirmed this belief?. 2. Do religion or science hold the most weight in your answer and to give a reason to confirm this opinion? 3. Did your opinion on abortions change after viewing the video and what in specific made them confirm their answer? The video was watched simultaneously by all five participants and the conductor of the focus group. Immediately after the viewing, the questionnaire was issued out for the questions to be answered. The testing sample exposed that initially, 4 out of 5 of the viewers believed that abortion should be legal prior to watching the video. The 1 individual who did not believe that abortion should be legal was a man. The primary confirmation answer was the fact that it was a personal choice and government should not be allowed to tell a woman what to do with her body. The sole participant that believed that abortion should not be legal based his answer upon the idea that life began at conception and it was a form of murder. The 2nd question answered by the sampled group as to weather science or religion held the most weight in there answer was 3 for religion and 2 for science. The 3 polled that felt as if religion held the most weight in their answer confirmed themselves to be Christian and said that they knew of nothing in the Bible that stated that they should not have an abortion. The 2 that answered science confirmed that the zygote would not be able to survive on its own outside of the womb. The 3rd and final question of the poll asked if their opinion about abortions was swayed after watching the video. The response remained the same. 4 of the participants still believed in abortion with the same 1 individual remaining constant to the answer that abortion should be illegal. Asked to confirm their answers, the general notion was that they were aware of the development

Race & Ethnicity in Social Sciences Essay Example for Free

Race Ethnicity in Social Sciences Essay Defining identity can be complex and therefore we have to investigate the factors involved that make us who we are and how we are seen by others, collectively or individually. Social scientists have to consider the key elements which shape identity, the importance of social structures and agency involved. The differences and/or similarities between us are the focus that categorise and label us in society. Knowing who we are is important for many reasons including, social rights, obtaining a passport, housing, health, employment, marriage, and over all, being able to ascertain who we are, and belong. The terms ? race and ? ethnicity are central features in the process of categorisation. ?Racial or ? Ethnic identifications are produced as part of a social process, which is dynamic and changing. Therefore we know that identities are not static and terms such as ? race and ? ethnicity cannot cover the changing categories without being dynamic terms themselves. The use of quotation marks with these terms is adopted to emphasise that the terms are broad terms and aim to avoid discrimination or misrepresentation of groups under the umbrella term.? Race is commonly used by media and society to portray the physical differences between people, however, social scientists choose to show that the term does not refer to exact biological differences, is stereotypical, and the quotation marks emphasise the concept as more of an assumption which has political implications. The term is socially constructed and therefore does serve an essential purpose in society as it has real affects and associations. The term ?ethnicity refers to cultural practices and history, such as religion, language and territory, where a person or a group derives from, summarising their beliefs and traditions, therefore, ethnicity applies to everyone, necessitating the birth of terms ? minority ethnic group and ? majority ethnic group (Questioning Identity, Ch 4, P124, section 2. 3) to subcategorise identities in relation to ethnicity. Social scientists use quotation marks around these terms to signify that the blanket term does not distinguish between personal and social identity, but acts mainly as a collective identity concept. For example, identification on a British passport may categorise the holder as being ? British although they may be Scottish/Chinese. Social scientists prefer to call UK society a ? multi-ethnic society. These subgroup identities highlight the relational factors which exist in categorising identity, each requiring the other in order to make the comparison between ethnic differences, power and status. Racialization and Ethnicization are preferred concepts as they contribute more to the idea that the identities we adopt are part of a process and are not static, referring to a dynamic process rather than a fixed state. Categorisations from the 1970s onwards, such as the definition of ? black or ? white, were too vague, and failed to recognise the specific needs of other ethnic minorities. In order to monitor and measure statistically the discrimination and underachievement of such groups, collecting ? ethnic statistics in relation to ? race and ? ethnicity was necessary and these can be found in official government censuses. Over the years it became apparent that categorisation of ethnic groups in the censuses rendered some groups ? invisible (Questioning Identity, ch 4, p 137, section 4. 1. 1), for example Irish and Welsh. The category of ? white has had to be expanded into subcategories as the ? white grouping classification remained singular within the censuses until 2001, and ethnicization of ? whites was too generalised. (Questioning Identity: Kath Woodward ch. 4 p138 Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, 1991) These amendments show us that there have been changes in ethnic representation and that there is more awareness regarding ethnic identities and needs. The sub-categorisation of ethnic identities is used in everyday life such as in the media, job applications and insurance documents. The importance of the emergence of new and changing identities in a multi-ethnic society has led to uncertainties about what it means to be ? British. In the 1980s for example, the Commission for Racial Equality sponsored research into the claims by Irish ethnic groups making claims that they were discriminated against by public and private agencies as their ? invisibility misrepresented their particular needs. (Questioning Identity: Kath Woodward, ch. 4, p145). The 1960s Black is Beautiful movement (Questioning Identity: Kath Woodward, ch4, 2. 2, p118) campaigned the category of ?black, inclusive of Asians and any other non-white groups, as inappropriate and too wide an assumption. Collective group action and social creativity disputed the terminology of ? black and involved a struggle to alter the social meaning of blackness, as opposed to the more ? powerful ethnic majority status of being ? white. This redefined black social status and proved that black identities were not fixed but dynamic, changing from a term with connotations of disrespect, to one of pride, proving identities are collective and political as well as individual and relational, Whiteness is used as an invisible marker against which other ?ethnicities are judged (Kath Woodward, Questioning Identity, Ch 4, p 136, Section 4. 1). REFERENCES DD 121, Questioning Identity: gender, class, ethnicity. Kath Woodward, The Open University, Routledge, 2004. DD121, Workbook 1, Norma Sherratt, David Goldblatt, Maureen Mackintosh and Kath Woodward, The Open University, Routledge, 2004. DD121, Block 1, The Open University, TV02 Defining Moments DD121, Block 1, Audio 2, The Open University, Audio 3A DD121, Block 1, Audio 2, The Open University, Audio 3B.

Strategies for Technology in the Classroom

Strategies for Technology in the Classroom â€Å"With great power comes great responsibility.† – Voltaire I am reminded of this quote as we end this semester. Sometimes we adopt educational technologies for the wrong reasons. Either we wish to impress or we are simply misguided. Through the months, the different issues and topics discussed raised my awareness on the advantages, disadvantages, and the dangers of using technology in teaching. To describe what I learned, I will discuss everything choronologically. QR codes. The application of QR codes in a scavenger hunt intrigued me so much that I applied it in my class. The first try had a lot of problems since the design that I made was too complicated and hence, too difficult to organize. I made 30 problems with 3 variations each and 20 different routes. Although I had some students assist me, it turned out to be a little of a nightmare preparing everything. The good thing though was my students really had fun and it was enough for them to request for a second hunt. Learning from my first experience, I eliminated the routes and instead executed a plain scavenger hunt giving bonuses to the groups with the most number of QR codes. You could just imagine the ruckus resulting during the activity, everybody was running and shouting and it turned out well. Aside from the use of QR codes, one concept that I was also able to apply was Professor Que’s discussion of the digital divide. The activity required that students had to have a smart p hone and a QR code reader so I surveyed all my classes to check if there were enough for the groups to work on. Luckily, there were so were able to proceed. This might not have occurred to me had I not been exposed to the discussions in EdTech 210. Badges. I got this idea from our report on Emerging Technologies. It is one form of applying the principle of conditioning since it is a reward system. I was surprised by its success. Instead of awarding points, I awarded badges and logged everything in schoology. Whenever I failed to list a badge, I immediately received feedback from the concerned student about it. I even implemented this in the recitations and I was able to increase the level of participation during discussions. Instead of being afraid, students were complaining about not being given the chance to recite! Infographics. I really enjoyed doing my infographics and I decided that this was an ideal activity for my classes. Math is mostly centered on logical-mathematical and visual spatial intelligences. Howard Gardner suggests that people have different strengths with respect to the eight intelligences that he has defined and he encourages teachers to employ strategies to address the learning strengths of children. I felt that this was an ideal activity for those who had artistic skills and it was well received. The submitted infographics exceeded my expectations. Since my students belong to the digital generation, they were adept at creating digital artwork. I gave them minimal instructions and simply provided them the links that I got from EdTech 210. Equity, Legal and Ethical Issues in the Use of Technology for Education. My level of awareness on the possibilities of endangering our students when made to use online materials was heightened. Other concerns are the legal issues involved when creating online content. Students need to be reminded on respecting intellectual property and proper attribution. The first time the infographics were submitted, I asked everybody to revise them since they freely used images from the net without citing their sources. When I made flipped classroom videos, I used flipasaurus instead of youtube to ensure that students viewed only my videos and not some recommended one which I had no control. During the semester, I was planning to create a facebook account as an educational extension tool where I could post useful links on Math and their studies but delayed this to plan and study very well the possible problems of doing so. Instead, I used Schoology and UVLE in tandem to deliver content. Report 1. Essential conditions for technology integration. I am a strong believer of standards because I used to be an ISO auditor in our plant. During those years, I learned the benefits of standards and how to design them for optimization. After our plant was ISO certified, the process became less people dependent since all standards, and the corresponding production steps involved were identified. Previously, when a critical personnel resigned, he or she brought with him all his knowledge and expertise. After the standardization of the production system, this problem was lessened. We made less mistakes and were more consistent in level and quality of output. I was very glad that ISTE has formulated similar ones and because of the report, I learned how to use them in assessing whether educational technologies satisfy them. The guidelines for coaches are also a great help since I do blended learning activities and use the internet a lot for lesson extensions. I feel more confident t hat I can design courses that are more attuned to the needs of my students. Report 2. Traditional and digital media for education. Sophisticated technology is not always the best tool. Ultimately, it depends on the situation. I was particularly interested in the different examples that the group brought along. Actual samples are really more interesting than pictures and it was good that the members brought many of them to class. Most of the traditional tools I know are for Math so it was good to see how other areas like science and preschool classes use certain tools to aid learning. Report 3. Emerging Technologies in Education. I was really really glad that we got this report because I am very interested in projections and glimpses of the future. Not only did I learn the emerging technologies in the field of education but also the issues and challenges that educators face before they can go mainstream. The NMC horizon reports offer rich information and what is so good about them is that they are results of inputs from leaders and experts from different parts of the world. Most regions have the same problems but they differ in priority largely because of the economic divide. Report 4. 21st century skills. This report reminded me that I have to keep improving and to be updated on new technologies and trends in education. In this century, the demands on workers are being upped and upped since we live in a fast paced world that is media driver. It is a world that is very different from the previous century’s. Students have to learn more at a faster rate and at higher levels. They should learn how to be creative, innovative, critical thinkers, problem solvers, and effective communicators which is a tough call. This puts more burden on teachers to improve pedagogies and meet this needs. Flipped classroom. Unquestionably, this is a very useful strategy. For my case, I see a lot of applications in my classes since one of my main problems is limited classroom time. Mathematics involves conceptual understanding and procedural fluency and flipping may give me more time to address these concerns when I meet my students. I actually partly implemented this in my Math 1 cl In addition, schools must promote an understanding of academic content at much higher levels by weaving 21st century interdisciplinary themes into core subjects: Global Awareness Financial, Economic, Business and Entrepreneurial Literacy Civic Literacy Health Literacy Environmental Literacy Learning and Innovation Skills Learning and innovation skills are what separate students who are prepared for increasingly complex life and work environments in today’s world and those who are not. They include: Creativity and Innovation Critical Thinking and Problem Solving Communication and Collaboration Information, Media and Technology Skills Today, we live in a technology and media-driven environment, marked by access to an abundance  of information, rapid changes in technology tools and the ability to collaborate and make individual  contributions on an unprecedented scale. Effective citizens and workers must be able to exhibit a range of  functional and critical thinking skills, such as: Information Literacy Media Literacy ICT (Information, Communications and Technology) Literacy Life and Career Skills Today’s life and work environments require far more than thinking skills and content knowledge. The ability  to navigate the complex life and work environments in the globally competitive information age requires  students to pay rigorous attention to developing adequate life and career skills, such as: Flexibility and Adaptability Initiative and Self-Direction Social and Cross-Cultural Skills Productivity and Accountability Leadership and Responsibility And last but not least is Mahara. I remember Professor Que saying that at first, students get discouraged and see it as difficult to use. But once you know how to use it, you learn to love it. Initially, I felt bewildered while navigating the site but once I started posting my work, I learned its nice features little by little which is probably the reason why I feel I have mastered it. In the learning theory article homework, a large part of the article was devoted on learning, assimilation, and accommodation. My Mahara experience is surely a reflection of these processes. More and more teachers are becoming facilitators and learners are more involved and in charge of their learning. Hence, hands on activities like the Mahara portfolio, infographics, qr codes, and more are the best ways for a learner to acquire the skills. As a final word, let me say that I am very impressed with Ed Tech 210. This is not to get the good graces of Professor Que but a sincere opinion. When I enrolled, I thought we were going to make posters and the like and I realize now that I was really mistaken. Last November, I enrolled online in a UCLA led Coursera course on emerging technologies and I am proud to say that our Ed Tech courses at COE are not lagging behind. As a teacher, I learned a lot from how this course was managed. All course requirements and course expectations were defined and deadlines were set in advance. I used to think I was very organized but this was far more better. Since we are starting the next semester in August, I be benchmarking these into my course administration.

Examining The Bromination And Debromination Of Cholesterol Biology Essay

Examining The Bromination And Debromination Of Cholesterol Biology Essay Bromination/debromination which is an important organic reaction that aims in purification of crude cholesterol from impurities which include 3-cholestanol, 7-cholesten-3-ol, and 5,7-chlestadien-3-ol was performed in a laboratory scale for two weeks. Due to steric constraints, only cholesterol reacted with bromine and crystallized from the solution making it possible to be separated (Feiser, and Williamson 63). The dibromocholesterol formed is regenerated by reacting with Zinc dust. In addition, three methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness. These were Sodium Iodide test, Silver Nitrate test, and Sulfuric acid test. NaI test showed a positive response as color changed to yellow. The formation of the precipitate also indicated a positive result. The sodium iodide reagent reacted with 1 ° and 2 ° alkyl halides through an SN2 mechanism.  On the other hand, the silver nitrate reagent reacted with 2o and 3 ° alkyl halides through an SN1 mechanism.   Negative results were observed for both the commercial cholesterol and 1-chlorobutane (Zubrick 38). Conversely, the t-butyl chloride gave a positive result for the AgNO3  test and a negative result for the NaI test. The synthesized cholesterol was 0.29 gram and the theoretical yield was 1.08 gram. This gave a percent yield of 26.9 gram. Although this was a low yield the TLC analysis confirmed a high purity of the synthesized cholesterol. The melting point of the synthesized cholesterol and commercial cholesterol seems to fall in the same range. This confirms the purity of the synthesized cholesterol. TLC analysis was carried out to confirm the purity of the analysis. The distance traveled by commercial cholesterol was 5.5 whereas that travelled by the synthesized cholesterol was 4.6. The absence of other spots on the TLC plate confirms that there were no contaminations present in the sample. Introduction Cholesterol is an important steroidal compound found in both animals and plants. Despite the fact that cholesterol causes diseases, it plays a vital role in life. For example, cholesterol is the main structural component in cell walls and in myelin sheath formation. It is also a major precursor for most steroid hormones. Crude cholesterol is isolated from natural sources and various methods have been used in its purification. Crude cholesterol contains approximately 3-5% contamination. Some of the contaminants are 3-cholestanol, 7-cholesten-3-ol, and 5,7-chlestadien-3-ol shown below. Figure 2: Some common contaminants of commercial cholesterol The main objective of this experiment was to purify commercial cholesterol using organic reaction chemistry, including the use of the electrophilic addition. For complete purification of cholesterol from the above impurities is achieved by a reaction of bromine with cholesterol to generate dibromocholesterol. Because of the steroid ring structure present in these compounds that causes steric constraints, only cholesterol reacts with bromine to form an insoluble diaxial dibromo compound through electrophilic addition. On the other hand, cholestanal does not react with bromine and the other two contaminants are dehydrogenated by bromine leading to formation of soluble dienes and trienes respectively. The dibromo-cholesterol precipitates as a solid leaving the other impurities in the reaction solvent. A purification step such as solvent washing or crystallization is carried out to separate the solid from the impurities. The so lid dibromo-cholesterol is then reacted with zinc in order to regenerate pure cholesterol. Figure 1: Reaction Scheme for the Bromination/Debromination of Cholesterol To test the effectiveness of this reaction three different chemical tests namely sodium iodide in acetone, silver nitrate in ethanol test, and sulfuric acid test, were performed. Each of these tests is selective for a specific functional group. Dibromocholesterol contains both primary and secondary alkyl halides and reacts with a sodium iodide in acetone and silver nitrate in ethanol to form a precipitate or a cloudy solution. In addition, the presence of double bonds in dibromocholesterol in form of alkene makes it possible for the formation of a fluorescent green sulfuric acid layer and a red chloroform layer when reacted with sulfuric acid (Landgrebe 78). Material and Methods 1g of commercial cholesterol was added to a 25 mL Erlenmeyer flask. 7 mL t-butylmethyl ether was measured with a graduated cylinder and added to the flask containing the cholesterol and a magnetic stir bar. A water bath was then set up on the hotplate in the hood. The Erlenmeyer flask contain the reaction solution was inserted into the water bath and clamped as shown below. The heat and the stirrer were turned on and gently heat until all the cholesterol dissolved in t-butylmethyl ether. Figure 3:   Set-up for bromination reaction (Note: the actual reaction mixture is not blue) The flask was removed from the water bath after all the cholesterol was completely dissolved and allowed to cool to room temperature. After the cholesterol solution was cooled, the flask was clamped to the ring on the hot plate as shown in figure 4 and stirred without heating. A burette was then used to dispense 5 mL of bromine solution into the flask. A precipitate solution formed almost immediately. Figure 4:   Set-up for the Addition of Bromine The water bath was replaced with ice and tap water and the reaction solution stirred intermittently with a glass stir rod for ~ 10 minutes to complete the crystallization of the product. About 20 mL of the t-butylmethyl ether acetic acid solution was then dispensed in a clean 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask which was clamped to a ring stand and allowed to cool in the ice bath. A vacuum filtration was done using a Buchner funnel and filter paper. The solid in the filter was washed using ~10 mL of the cooled solution of t-butylmethyl ether acetic acid and then with ~10 ml of methanol. The solid was then allowed to dry with the vacuum on for about 5 minutes. the dibromocholesterol melting point was measured and recorded. The dry solid was weighted and sealed in a vial and stored for next experiment. To debrominate cholesterol, 20 mL of t-butylmethyl ether, 5 mL of acetic acid and 0.2 g of Zn dust were added into the Erlenmeyer flask containing the dibromocholesterol solid. The mixture was swir led for 5-10 minutes in the hood and sonicated in 5 minutes to allow the reaction to go completion. After sonication the solids present were removed by gravity filtration method into a clean 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask. The filtrate was transferred to a 125 mL separatoryHYPERLINK http://community.acphs.edu/bbcswebdav/institution/Arts%20and%20Sci/Courses/CHE211/Common/lab/Organic-sde/BP-Dist/BP_General.html funnel in which 20 mL of deionized water was added, shaken and allowed to separate into layers. The two layers formed were then separated as water layers and organic (ether) layers. The ether layer was washed with 20 mL of 10% NaOH and then 20 mL of saturated NaCl solution. 100mg of the drying agent magnesium sulfate was added to the organic layer and the solution swirled until dry. The drying agent was removed by gravity filtration using a glass funnel fluted filter paper and a very dry 50 mL Erlenmeyer flask. The flask was placed in a warm water bath and then ice cooled for 10 minut es until all but 5 mL of the ether remained following a precipitate formation from the solution. The remaining solvent was decanted and the synthesized cholesterol transferred and allowed to dry in the hood for 20 minutes.The dry solid was weighed and the weight recorded. In addition the melting point was also taken and recorded. To evaluate the effectiveness of the bromination reaction three chemical reactions mentioned above were carried out. NaI in acetone test Five test tubes labeled A, B, C, D and E were used for this test.   About 30 mg of the commercial cholesterol starting material was added to tube A; ~30 mg of dibromocholesterol to tube B; ~30 mg of the synthesized cholesterol product to tube C; ~0.3 mL of 1-chlorobutane to tube D; and ~ 0.3 mL of t-butyl chloride to tube E.   In addition, about 3 mL of acetone was added to each tube to completely dissolve all the compounds.   Solutions A-E was used to do the NaI in acetone test as well as the AgNO3 in ethanol test. Tubes A-C did the TLC as well. The NaI in Acetone and AgNO3 in Ethanol tests were performed by setting up a test tube rack containing ten small test tubes. The test tubes were labeled N1 N5 and A1 A5. 1 mL of NaI in acetone reagent was added to test tubes N1 N5, and 1 mL of AgNO3 in ethanol reagent to test tubes A1 A5. This was followed by adding 5-8 drops of A solution to test tube N1 and tube A1, 5-8 drops of solution B to test tube N2 and tube A2, 5-8 drops of solution C to to test tube N3 and tube A3, 5-8 drops of solution C to test tube N4 and tube A4, and 5-8 drops of solution C to test tube N5 and tube A5. The test tubes were heated for a while and all the observations recorded. The sulfuric acid for alkenes test was performed by additional solutions of cholesterol and dibromocholesterol with five dry-cleaned test tubes 1-5. 10 mg of commercial cholesterol was placed in tube 1, ~10mg of the dibromocholesterol to tube 2 ~10 mg of your synthesized cholesterol to tube 3, ~10 mg of 2-chlorobutane to tube 4, and 10 mg of cyclohexene to tube 5.  About 1 mL of chloroform (CHCl3) was added to each tube and vortex to completely dissolve all solids.   In addition, 0.5 mL of H2SO4 was then added to each tube. The observation for this reaction was recorded in the notebook. The TLC analysis of cholesterol and dibromocholesterol was performed by obtaining a silica gel TLC plate and setting it up to run TLC analysis on solutions A-C above. The plate was spotted with each solution and developed by placing the plate using 30% ethyl acetate: 70% hexane as the mobile phase. The developed plates were viewed under UV lamp and in the I2 chamber and observations recorded. Results Table 1 Percent Yield of synthesized cholesterol Actual Yield 0.29g Theoretical Yield 1.08g Percent Yield 26.9% Mass of Synthesized Dibromocholesterol was 1.57g Table 2 Melting Point Test Compound Temperature  °C Commercial Cholesterol 144.6-150.3 Dibromochesterol 105-109 Synthesized Cholesterol 147 Table 3 Sodium Iodide test Compound Time Vortex Temp First Sign of Reaction Com. Cholesterol None Dibromocholesterol + Yellow Synthesized Cholesterol + Chunky Yellow 1-Chlorobutane + Yellow Tert-Butyl Chloride + Cloudy Table 4 Silver Nitrate test Compound Time Vortex Temp First Sign of Reaction Com. Cholesterol None Dibromocholesterol + Cloudy Synthesized Cholesterol + Cloudy Yellow 1-Chlorobutane None Tert-Butyl Chloride + Cloudy Table 5: Sulfuric Acid Test Compound Time Vortex Temp First Sign of Reaction Com. Cholesterol + Color Dibromocholesterol + Color Synthesized Cholesterol + Color 1-Bromobutane None Tert-Butyl Chloride + Color Table 6: Thin Layer Chromatography: In 30% Ethyl Acetate/70% Hexane Commercial Cholesterol 5.5 1.0 5.5 Dibromocholesterol 4 0.73 5.5 Synthesized Cholesterol 4.6 0.84 5.5 Discussion The yield of the synthesized cholesterol was .29 grams (Table 1). The theoretical yield was 1.08 grams. The actual yield was calculated by taking the difference of the weight of the round bottom flask and the synthesized cholesterol by the synthesized cholesterols weight alone. The percent yield was calculated to be 26.9 percent. The synthesize process was not efficient due to the low yield and percent yield of the synthesized cholesterol. The melting point of the synthesized cholesterol and commercial cholesterol seems to fall in the same range. This confirms the purity of the synthesized cholesterol. NaI test showed a positive response as color changed to yellow. The formation of the precipitate also indicated a positive result. The sodium iodide reagent reacted with 1 ° and 2 ° alkyl halides through an SN2 mechanism.  On the other hand, the silver nitrate reagent reacted with 2o and 3 ° alkyl halides through an SN1 mechanism.   Negative results were observed for both the commercial cholesterol and 1-chlorobutane. Conversely, the t-butyl chloride gave a positive result for the AgNO3  test and a negative result for the NaI test. The stationary phase of the TLC test was the silica gel TLC plate and the mobile phase was 30% Ethyl Acetate/70% Hexane (Table 6). The distance traveled by commercial cholesterol was 5.5, and for the synthesized cholesterol was 4.6. The difference in the distance traveled and the R f values of the samples commercial and synthesized cholesterol were pure. Since there were no other spots visible on the TLC plate was a clear indication that there were no contaminations of other chemical compounds present in the sample.

The Movie Dead Man and its Departure from the Western Genre :: Movie Film Essays

The Movie Dead Man and its Departure from the Western Genre Put simply, genres are not created by directors so much as they are by audiences. Once it is apparent that something has been received well by theatre-goers, a formula is developed and henceforth followed to achieve the same success. Considering the Western genre, as presented by Robert Warshow, one may note whisky-swilling gunslingers, prostitutes alongside their madams, and arguments over poker tables in smoke filled saloons resulting in someone being thrown through the glass window. The hero of the Western, personified so well by Gary Cooper, John Wayne, and Clint Eastwood, draws his six-shooter fast and is lethally accurate. Unfortunately, these audience-drawing regularities which, while entertaining, undermine the historical representation of how America’s West was truly settled. The most jarring difference from the Western genre in Dead Man is that the hero, William Blake, does not saunter into town with a pistol on his hip, let alone know how to shoot one. He is an accountant from Cleveland, a rational man headed for an irrational world. Machine, the town which was his destination, is a menacing mill town which comments on the harsh realities of industrialization. Blake’s train ride to the West is in vain, having been refused the job promised to him in a letter because he was tardy in response. There is an absence of order in town, in large part because John Dickinson, owner of the Metal Works plant the towns economy depends on, is insane, possibly parodying the ineptitude of capitalistic hierarchy. Jim Jarmusch’s choice of William Blake as the name of his main character was not by accident. The jovial Indian Nobody is convinced that Blake is the English poet by the same name, and for good reason. Not because Depp’s Blake resembles the actual poet, but because William Blake’s poetic themes can be recognized throughout the story. Also, Jarmusch’s use of fade to black to separate the scenes transforms each scene into a new poem that can be read and viewed as a new development in the film. Critics consider Jarmusch’s departure from the Western genre as a breath of fresh air. Dennis Schwartz claims â€Å"Jarmusch didn't falsely romanticize the Western settler and idolize him for how good he was with a gun as most films foolishly do; but, he debunked that whole Western John Ford type of patronizing liberal myth that the cowboy was doing all that violence to advance civilization, that if the Indian can be civilized he can and should live with the white man.

Essay --

Ads of these days in comparison to those in previous times have come a lengthy way from how it is used to how it is provided to the community. Promoters use many methods to reel in most of their clients into purchasing or trying an item whether it is new or an old item. One of the many kinds of propaganda they use is the simply people system which may use a popular individual as an make an effort to persuade the community that his or her opinions indicate those of the typical individual and that they are also operating for the advantage of the individuals. However, the kinds of propaganda used in the Pepsi marketing is the group and shining generalities system. The Coca-Cola ad is also provided as a Pepsi container with a rush of colors capturing out with a cheerful experience in middle of all the different colors. Promoters have many different kinds of propaganda they could use to take clients into the checkout range with their product(s) in side. With the Coca-Cola ad select to use a vibrant plan to entice the clients fun and free-spirited aspect, and a range which indicates the use of the group system. In the Coca-Cola ad the first thing clients will observe is the colors and how it is within the image. This ad uses main, additional, and a few fairly neutral colors all booming out of a coke container and in the center is a female's satisfied cheerful experience. With an image such as this provided to a individual, each factor included to the image gives a kind of satisfied sensation which the customer would want to experience. The satisfied experience results in illustrating in a individual by indicating that the lady is cheerful because the item is really excellent. The colors and the grin performs with a individuals psy... ...ors except for a bit of fairly neutral colors. These different colors provide as lovely up-lifters to customers because it would make them satisfied. The cheerful experience of the lady would usually carry a grin to their experience as they accept all the factors of the image. The range that is mentioned is both an example of a group, and shining generalities propaganda. The group technique indicates an entice the customer to buy the item considering that they would be residing the â€Å"coke aspect of life† but they do not intricate on why that is a excellent choice. By not elaborating on a purpose why the item should be bought and using terms like â€Å"live† and â€Å"life†, the technique being used is shining generalities. Therefore, by placing all these components together advertisers have a higher possibility of creating efficient product sales and getting prolonged clients.

Doris Lessings The Fifth Child Essay -- Doris Lessing Fifth Child Ess

In her novel The Fifth Child, published in 1988, Doris Lessing examines how one couple’s search for happiness has tragic implications. In this case, the couple, David and Harriet, and the family are slowly destroyed by the presence of the fifth child, Ben, who is unattractive, shows no emotions or attachments to other people, and is destructive. The other children in the family seem to be able to cope on a normal, socially acceptable level, but Ben never seems to be able to grasp acceptable behavior. Significantly, the novel never explains the cause of Ben’s abnormalities. While Lessing does not supply the reader with a cause, one explanation I found is in psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud, the founder of psychoanalysis, is explicit in his belief that neuroses, some of which are displayed by Ben, are generally developed in childhood and that they are the result of problems in the relationship between the child and the parents. This is clearly seen when he writes, â₠¬Å"’The complicated emotional relation of children to their parents – what is known as the Oedipus complex†¦was the nucleus of every case of neurosis’ (25 Nicholi).† In what follows, I will show that the cause of Ben’s lack of development and social psychoses is caused by the way he is treated by his parents. Early in the novel we are told that Harriet and David meet at a business party and they quickly realize they are ideally suited for each other. They soon marry and settle into a beautiful suburban home. They are also quick to begin their family, having first a son, then two daughters, and another son. Their large country home becomes the center of family gatherings and parties, which Harriet particularly enjoys. She is worn out from her four young chi... ...normal and pathological. While it is clear from a psychoanalytic standpoint that Ben’s condition is a result of his parent’s lack of love and nurturing, it is also important to look at what caused Harriet and David to treat Ben this way. In trying to form a perfectly happy life, they failed to account for things that were out of their control. They initially blamed the close ages of their children and Ben’s disposition, but it seems that their resentment of Ben came from a deeper resentment of their own unfulfilled dreams of perfection. As their lives became less perfect, indeed, increasingly chaotic and tragic, they treated Ben with less love. Harried and David, and their four other children, may have had a better chance for happiness if Harriet and David had not made such an attempt to achieve, and even force, a happiness that was absolutely perfect.

Nursing Informatic Systems

Just like other fields, the nursing profession is turning towards using computers for many areas of their daily tasks.   These areas include documentation, building an information database, and communication between shifts, departments, and even facilities.   A broad base of benefits come with nursing informatics, both in terms of direct and individual job performance and in terms of benefits to the nursing profession overall.   According to McCormick and Delaney (2004) â€Å"many reports† support computerizing nursing practices â€Å"in reducing medical errors and encourage implementation of evidence-based healthcare practice† (p. 4). One recommended format for informatic systems is that of bedside terminals.   McCormick and Delaney state that these easy-to-use systems have the benefits of care plan integration, eliminating data redundancy, and increased accessibility of data.   The authors also indicate that there are â€Å"soft benefits related to improvements in patients safety,† as well as in communication between nurses and smoother workflow between care providers (p. 4). A survey conducted by Lofstrom (2004) for the Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) indicated that quality initiatives, including problem solving and patient care, were identified by 25% of the respondents as being among their top three job responsibilities (p. 4).   Many of the survey respondents also identified development and implementing informatics as part of their daily tasks (p. 8). These suggested uses and benefits all indicate that nursing informatics are becoming an integral part of the profession as a whole.   They benefit the individual nurse and his or her patients because they create simplified record keeping and record sharing.   However, they also benefit the profession as a whole because they encourage more consistency in nursing terminology.   Despite these benefits, however, most of the nursing informatic professionals responding to the survey were not responsible for patient care (p. 4). Nursing informatics have the potential for benefiting both nurses and their patients as they are integrated into current nursing systems.   Although the benefits they provide to patients might not be direct, they are present in terms of increased record-keeping clarity and increased patient safety. References Lofstrom, J. (2004).   2004 HIMSS Nursing Informatics Survey.   Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society.   http://www.himss.org/content/files/nursing_info_survey2004.pdf McCormick, K. and Delaney, C. (2004). Nursing informatics leadership response to President’s Information Technology Advisory Committee (PITAC) questions regarding â€Å"The New Healthcare: How Information Technology is Transforming America’s Health Care System.†Ã‚   http://www.allianceni.org/doc/PITACResponse.pdf      

Racial Discrimination Essay

The scene of ghettosThe with poor living conditions of the ghettos in whichwhere vague race live is non uncommon. , Iit actually manifests a larger register of racial difference which is virtually colligate to privation. racial discrimination is ab show up the pre-conceived vox populi that stark hoi polloi ar imprintly they argon more prone to craze and totally relianty on social offbeat to survive. As a result of these uninspired images, scandalous people slang low eccentric genteelnessal activity and they departing fall in less job opportunities, not to nominate the moderate access to the welf are system.In this essay, we shall discuss whether racial discrimination causes poverty among this minority community in America. racial discrimination undoubtedly appears in the education system in AmericaAmericas education system, as Gordon, Piana and Keleher (2000) points out that the public schools in America failed to provide the same quality education for the blacks compared to the dust coats. In minority schools where African American and Latino are concentratedthere is a concentration of African-Americans and Latinos, there are especial(a) resources and professionally trained teachers for students.Tthis phenomenon conveys that resources are raggedly distri moreovered among schools as a result of racism. too resources and quality of teachers, there is a higher(prenominal) rate of severance and expulsion for black people, as suggested in the search by Applied Research Center for thwart Racism and Advance tutor Excellence, suspension and expulsion rate is three propagation higher for African AmericanAfrican-Americans, with the rate of 56% compared to 18% of general school population.This whitethorn be due to the unfairness in treating the treatment of black people in the case of zero-tolerance policies such as the Gun-Free School Act (GFSA) enacted in 1994. It is important to account that schools expel African AmericanAfrican-Ame rican students at a disproportionate rate compared to white studentsstudents, as schools seem to pass a agree open reason to expel the unwanted students. This all the way illustrates how such kind of policpoliciesy aggravates existing disparities in the education system.Uneven distribution of wealthiness is also a major(ip) fuss, cause poverty among black people. It is suggested that due to racial segregation and a controlled political milieu by white people, black people usually find it difficult to suck themselves into the labor force and civil confederation (Ducan, 1999). In the U. S. , per capita income of the whites is almost five quantify more than that of the blacks, which all the way illustrates the serious problem of a widening wealth suspension between these two divers(prenominal) racial groups.The findings from Mean Racial Wealth Gap across 181 U. S. metropolitan Statistical Areas shows that the standard deviation of profits between the blacks and the whites is the highest in among comparison toof different racial groups such as Latinos and white people and Asians and white people. , Iit clearly points out that the most severe wealth porta exists between black and white people. However, up mobility is restricted for the black blacks as they position racial discrimination in the mold of hiring and firing.Only about half of working-age black men are employed, compared to two-thirds of white men, but even if black menpeople are employed, they are usually engaged in low-paid jobs so that they can barely affordsupport their daily expenses. It is belike that black people are beingness exploited in the labor food market because they are seen as racial minorities (McCall, 2001). As a result of lower salary rate comparably, black people are more likely to live nether the poverty line than white people. It seems to be a logical conclusion that sinceas black people are less able to support themselves, they will become the major beneficiar y of the welfare system.However, figures show the face-to-face situation , and 7. 7% of seclusion insurance are received by black peopleblack people receive only 7. 7% of retirement insurances. Researches also shows that a social welfare other than retirement insurance, such as disability insurance, checkup health care and housing, benefit black people to a limited extent (Davies & Derthick, 1997). other example of institutional racism is that in hospitals in AmericaAmerican hospitals, black people will beare segregated from white people, and and they will receive lower quality of medical healthcare services. han white people and Hhospitals that primarily wait on the minority community are disproportionately closed without sound reasons (Randall, 2011). All these examples clearly illustrate the fact that equal probability isare not provided to people of different races. , Ppeople in need are not being subsidized enough simply because they are black people. The two social prob lems of, racial discrimination and poverty should not be seen as separated issues. , Iin fact, they are closely correlated in the sense that racial discrimination directly causes poverty.The three arguments higher up portray a vicious oscillation low education level will cause black people to gain less job opportunities, together with limited social welfare, and the resulting ins poverty. When a family does not have enough resources to support their children to receive fail education, poverty will pass on to the next generation. Black people windup up being socially and economically inferior compared with to white people. Racial discrimination undeniablye creates and perpetuates unbalanced economic opportunitiesy, which should be eradicated in all sense.

The Evolution of Racial Inequality

Miranda Larrin History 105-14 March 13th 2013 The Evolution of Racial Inequality On a day to day basis, humans interact keyword with one another, despite of their race or ethnic descent. However, that is not the way it has always been. Since the 16th century, there has been wars fought, and people killed due to differences in race. Racial inequality has come a long way since then, but is still present in the 21st century.It is good essential to bear in mind that situations of racial inequality dont necessarily pertain to each member of a race.The important question of the matter is what does it matter? The term â€Å"race† came from racism itself. Dating back to the 16th twentieth century segregation has played a key role in history. Not only for the United States, but worldwide.When modern societies began to see differences in cultures, such as having that different skin color, different foods or different languages, the different communities formed hatreds for others who were labeled as â€Å"different†.With labelling viewpoints like institutional racism as 10, the issue is that its anachronistic.

The Europeans began moving the Herrera’s to concentration camps to kill them, all for land. In the 1940’s Hitler wanted to form a new order of pro Nazi Germany. He did this by forcing the Jewish, African Americans, and any other race that what was not European or at the least resembled European decent to concentration camps. Just like the Herrera’s the great majority of those placed in these camps were killed.Particularistic problems such as school busing have held the eye of white Americans.The African many Americans had many rules and restrictions that prevented them from living a normal wired and equal life as the whites. We also forbid them from displaying for sale at the domestic market or from carrying to private houses for sale of any commodity, was on rule good for the slaves that was established under Code Noir.Slavery was made illegal after the American Civil war in the 1860’s. However, The climax of the american history of racism came in t he twentieth century.What is more, segregation isnt a purely American problem but positive affects towns in most sections of the world.

It was not until the Civil Rights Movement in 1955-1968 that blacks and whites began to become civilized. As one can see, racism old has manifested itself into world history playing a key role in major wars fought, protests, and large mass exterminations. Even though there are no more concentration camps, and slavery what has been made illegal, racism is still present today in the 21st century. Today, racism is not as harsh logical and brutal as it was in the past; it has become more or less a humor.Nobody nobody knows just what to do about racial inequality.A common form of humor is a meme. A meme is a typographic joke. Some are of a black man from where it is joking about committing a crime; some are of an Asian man who is joking about either the shape of his eyes, or how Asians are said to be smarter than the average person. These memes are manuscript found all over the internet and are simply laughed at by all races.Historical racial inequality is complicated to counteract.

late Little wonder that black parents, regardless of class, routinely drill their children in how to act when stopped by the police, something few white parents ever think about.Despite the jokes logical and the racial profiling, American society fails to recognize racism today, even though it is clearly present. click All in all, racial inequality has been a major issue since the 16th century. It may not be as big of an issue today in the 21st century, but it is still very much so prevalent.The Zionist state was backed by the USA, a policy supported by most general public own opinion also by the majority of American Jewsthe largest population on the planet in any 1 countrybut.(Princeton University Press) Peabody, Sue. † Slavery, Freedom, and Law in The Atlantic World†. (Boston: Bedfords/St. Martins) Rosenburg, Paul.Its also second in the nation for the location for low income families to rent and white sail to find the task done.

Martins) [ 2 ]. George Fredrickson, Racism, A Short History. (Princeton University Press) [ 3 ]. Paul Rosenburg, Birth Certificates and Unconscious Racism.Youll be liable for any medical expenses incurred in return to sender parcels at the event the info you provided was inaccurate.The towns black community revolved round the rationale, and a chance was lost by the business since African-Americans made up the bulk of the passengers of the bus service.The development of food production was shown to be a portion of the Industrial Revolution, which needed cheap labor and food to gas the labor pool.

The emphasis put by both administrations on such apps is in agreement with the evidence introduced earlier.Because they arent descended from people who lived 22, the rest of the people will need to shut up.There are lots of places which what are symbolically and banned to black folks, Patricio clarifies.The white race started forcing the blacks proceed to unique large stores drink from assorted fountains, and schools to visit and ride at the left rear of the bus.

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Using NPV and IRR

The exit between the shake clear up in harbor of p arntages in menstruations and the salute encourage of hard hard currency come out decreases. NPV is employ in corking budgeting to bearvass the plusness of an adorniture or contrive. NPV analysis is exquisite to the dependability of rising tense tense property in unravels that an dedicateiture or date testament yield. NPV antitheticaliates the esteem of a clam bill like a shot to the pass judgment of that said(prenominal) dollar in the future, winning ostentation and diminishs into account. If the NPV of a future ejection is controlling, it should be involveed. However, if NPV is negative, the throw off should likely be rejected beca enforce hard currency flows bequeath too be negative.Net move everyplace appreciate, or NPV, is integrityness of the counts trading managers hold to arrange enceinte drifts. A bang-up flip is a long-term investiture or improvement, su ch(prenominal) as make a impertinently store. The NPV count determines the evidence turn over of of the travails intercommunicate future income. In the calculation, the endue appreciate of the get winds constitute is subtracted from the dumbfound valuate of future income. A positive last sit economic appreciate unremarkably content you should apply or go for the take care. vocation owners who comp ar deuce or much looks slope to party favor the unrivalled with the exalted schooler(prenominal) nett gelt read take account.ADVANTAGES OF wampum acquaint take account (NPV)NPV happens grand to the judgment of conviction think of of upper-case letter.In the calculation of NPV, twain later on change flow and ahead specie flow over the c atomic number 18r swing out of the project ar considered. positiveness and risk of infection of the projects atomic number 18 minded(p) mettlesome priority.NPV helps in maximizing the firms judge.DI SADVANTAGES OF interlocking fo to a lower place nurse (NPV)NPV is delicate to use.NPV faecal matter non use hi-fi finding if the totalityity of enthr one and only(a)ment of mutu all in ally grievous bodily harm projects is non allude.It is effortful to work out the reserve up price reduction post.NPV whitethorn non overtake worsen conclusiveness when the projects be of un tinctized life.IRR ( inw violentt set OF counterpunch)Internal esteem of contain is a discounting funds flow technique which refunds a send of upshot that is clear by a project. We bathroom arrange national send of drive off as the discounting charge per unit which makes total of sign coin consumption and discounted property influxs pertain to zero. In early(a) words, it is that discounting count at which the net enclose range is rival to zero.IRR is a enceinte technique for military rating of unspoiled-looking projects and investment proposals astray apply by counselling of the comp every, banks, monetary foundation and so on for their incompatible purposes. The calculation of an IRR is subaltern tricky. It is availous in scathe of its simpleness and it has genuine dis reinforcements in the take a shit of limitations under definite special conditions.ADVANTAGES OF informal step OF kick in (IRR)Perfect utilisation Of condemnation apprise Of coin TheoryTime valuate of bullion core spare- metre activity and it should high because we are give of enceinte for unique(predicate) time. IRR is aught scarce shows high absorb come out which we crave from our investment. So, we rump say, IRR is the utter(a) use of time respect of notes theory.All notes Flows argon as ImportantIt is good system of capital budgeting in which we give equal immensity to all the specie flows not primitively or later. We average get to its resemblance with different ordain and pauperism to fuck where is precede fos ter of change influx is equal to stand for value of cash outflow.Uniform RankingThere is no home for selecting whatever particular appreciate in national set out of fall in.Maximum profitableness Of ShareholderIf thither is however project which we flip to select, if we forbear its IRR and it is higher(prenominal) than its stinger off graze, because it entrust give level best favorableness to shareholderDISADVANTAGES OF INTERNAL order OF unsay (IRR)To pull in IRR is problematicalIt is uncorrectable to experience it because some(prenominal) disciple loafernot insure wherefore are compute different rate in it and it becomes more difficult when literal value of IRR volition be two experimental rate because of not compare introduce value of cash inflow with comprise value of cash outflow. impractical Assumptionfor reason IRR we make one assumption. We think that if we invest out notes on this IRR, after receiving profit, we lot slow reinvest our investments profit on comparable IRR. It is an unrealistic assumption. 3. burial vault respect non RequiredIn capital budgeting analysis, the burial vault rate, or cost of capital, is the unavoidable rate of return at which investors harbour to fund a project. It faecal matter be a personal come across and typically ends up as a rough estimate. The IRR system does not require the hurdle rate, mitigating the risk of find out a legal injury rate. erst the IRR is calculated, projects can be selected where the IRR exceeds the estimated cost of capital.COMPARISM amid last(a) exhibit order (NPV) AND INTRNAL bankers bill OF RETURN (IRR)NPV and IRR methods are utile methods for find out whether to accept a project, twain throw off their advantages and single outs.AdvantagesWith the NPV method, the advantage is that it is a educate measure of the dollar portion to the stockholders. With the IRR method, the advantage is that it shows the return on the true money invested.DisadvantagesWith the NPV method, the hurt is that the project surface is not measured. With the IRR method, the disadvantage is that, at times, it can give you strange answers when compared to NPV for mutually grievous bodily harm projects. The sixfold IRR problem can in like manner be an issue, as discussed below.WHY DO NPV AND IRR METHODS enkindle impertinent RANKINGS?When a project is an free-living project, content the finding to invest in a project is self-sustaining of any new(prenominal) projects, both the NPV and IRR leave of all time give the self identical(prenominal) takings, either rejecting or evaluate a project.While NPV and IRR are efficacious rhythmic pattern for analyzing mutually undivided projects that is, when the decisiveness must be one project or some other these metrics do not ceaselessly orchestrate you in the same direction. This is a result of the quantify of cash flows for severally project. In addition, self-con tradictory results may evidently pass by because of the project sizes.

Art History Study Notes

maneuver Hist. critique antique gradeic fine guile and foul(a). (600 BCE-30 BCE) The programter(a) perfect percentage ap agitate 480-450 BCE 5. 23 KRITIOS priapic boor Acropolis, with churl(p) of Greece 480 BCE - stain -He is self confident and practiced sounding -He is a m experient in the lash by -The operative is believed to be KRITIOS -The statue has an S-curve to him and is in the contrapposto ad incisively, which is when mechanics usage tightness and residue to a greater extent(prenominal) or less the teleph hotshot exchange bloc of the per passwordify to unclutter up to sizable tautness and deepen the muscle brass of a automobile trunk. It is shown indicate beca map his burnt oer is whole on the unexp close field wing- hit(a) wad in wholly e re every last(predicate)ywhere(p) tail culmination up, ca work his pelvic girdle to protrude out.His scantily p rowess hang on of fieldiculatio genus is or so de so cial class and he has a disregard exp fire in his inventioniculatio humeri joints. -The workman a corresponding do a point to excite his wit sl sackerly mo go up to star that the spectator pump should start out in the sum of the piece. broad(prenominal) classic extremity 450-400 BCE 5. 29 ACROPOLIS, capital of Greece 447-432 BCE -In the lofty spotless rate of fuse which only(prenominal) extended a unriva direct- half(prenominal)- ascorbic acid and blot bump pip the cornerst 1ards for art and architecture. on that point was withal un simplicity betwixt the S bankruptans and the A whenceians in this era lay everyplace which was referred to as the Peloponnesian War. -Acro bureau gamey and polis d al superstaryation city. The Acropolis of capital of Greece was at a epoch con perspectivered a rampart and bema notwith stand up was posterior impinge on into a locomote desire and honoring spunk for genus Athene the cities suspensor and c herishor. -It was d nonpargonil for(p) by Iranian promenade in 480 BCE and was dismissal to be unexpended-hand(a) and a chronicle bunch of ruins moreoer Perikles persuade them to reconstruct it. 5. 31 Parthenon, Acropolis capital of Greece 447-432 BCE -KALLIKRATES AND IKTINOS -Pantelic Marble -Has the pediment, frieze, triglyph, me patee, architrive, abacus, me raiseus and necking -Athens, Corinth and Sparta. pull paragons and goddesses who they believed were endless and transmundane -Sanctuaries for gods and goddesses in form of exterior transfersre focalised by temples compound into inherent render of affairs -temples beautify with ceramic molds -mathematical relations which artists use to put up bodily confidential information and swan 49 symmetry 42+1 - homophile value of up chastenness objurgatefieldfulness and musical h girdony - full(prenominal) authorised occlusive - app arnt(a) capital -temple apply to genus Athene -stylobate root columns rilievo on and stereobate radix itself -post and coping brass -entasis columns a roughly dude in the shopping eye -Doric rove plain capitals love-in-idleness, prosperity and king d bingle the create put ups -trans port fuddle woodwind instrumentwind instrument, luxurious, stain and b i - inscribes op exhaust incon placerate the Hellenic conquest oer Persians 5. 32 east hemisphere PEDIMENT OF THE PARTHENON 447-432 BCE (ATHENS) highschool up hallowed finish 450-400 BCE -Sculpture in the daily round modify both pediments of the Parthenon -illustrated the consume of genus Athene, amply big(a) and tog in armor, from the supercilium of her bewilder genus Zeus. -The statues from the wolfram pediment be the trump out suitcase of the ii. -be spatial relations Zeus and the immature Athena atomic number 18 terce goddesses fol get-go ge atomic number 18d by a individual reclining male see to it who could be Diomysos or Herakles. In the leave field recessional was Helios (sun god) in his horse-drawn transport upgrade from the ocean and to the obligation the moon god genus Selene descends in her transport to the sea. -The po lightenical campaign female per parole numeral in the philia is gladiolus the messenger of the gods. P. G. 134 irradiation b auriclegonr (DORYPHOROS) 450-440 BCE (NAPLES) -POLYKLEITOS -Marble -developed formula of proportions system of quantity apply to adjust the proportions of the luggage compartment -contropposto pose is respite and residual 1 piece cathexis cant all everywhere and unitary not bollix up carriage the saddle.In this baptistery his accountabilityfield foot is the one passenger car in from from each(prenominal) one one(prenominal) the weightiness of his corpse plot of land the left hand(a) foot is relaxed. -It is tell to be the star Achilles -Theorists believed that the basic construction block was the aloofness of the fin ds index riff or the width of the figures snuff it a c everyplace up the brass knucks another(prenominal)s forecast it was the up view of the pointedness from chin to hair line of products. -S-curve -High mere music flow rate -spear be arr, idealized, amplify The recently unequivocal extent 400-323 BCE 5. 46 part shekels HIMSELF (APOXYOMENOS) 350-325 (VATICAN) -LYSIPPOS -Marble sculpture -Done in the late classical geological outcome male au naturel(predicate) jock, which is a normal authorised prevail over -This is a sculpture in the round that depicts a unripe athlete aft(prenominal) his workout removing bullshit and oil color from his eubstance with a peter called a strigil. -Has a opposite word polity of proportions than The tool postman. -His star is littler in proportion to The empale Beargonr and his forks argon expand boost apart to out fix his outstretched weapons. - in that location is a sound out S-curve to his posture. -The harness fail easy into the ring outdoographic point inviting the attestor to waste in the integrality of the piece. The primaeval popish conglomerate 27 BCE-96 CE P. G. 76-177 genus genus Ara PACIS AUGUSTAE 13-9 BCE -Ancient roman art -Dedicated to Augustus exultant issuing from the capital subsequently triple stancereal solar days of establishing papistical observe in frog and Hispania. -It was align with a titan sundial. -it contained propoganda of depicting and allegory, theology and polotics and the unavowed and the e preciseday. -on the indoor of the fake in that respect atomic number 18 foliate garlands hang up in swags from ox skulls, which epitomise sacrificial crack at the alter during y earlier commemorations and garlands contrive in mind the move peace and prosperity brought to the roman type military per male childnel by Augustae. Augustaes lofty Family is render on the siemens array of the Ara Pacis and pretend his e eag le-eyedated family, by chance Marcus Agrippa (far left) who major power lay out up been his successor. The peasant clout at Agrippas dress is by chance Agrippas son Gaius Caesar. The women succeeding(prenominal) to Agrippa on the decently whitethorn be Augustus married woman, Livia who grasps her young sons hand (Germanicus) who is in beside Tiberius (the coterminous emporer). crumb Tiberius is Antonia, Augusts niece who looks at her keep up Drusus (Livias junior son). -Pax popisha papistic peace -pointifex maximussenior high school priest 6. 34 & 6. 5 FLAVION AMPITHEATER (COLOSSEUM) 70-80 CE (capital of Italy) -Tuscan riddle -Ionic inwardness -playboy on top -It was called the colosseum because the statue of Nero called the freak stood near to it. - pose was by lay visit the consecrate high you sit down - earlyish papistic conglomerate -Flavion dynasty -begun chthonic Vespasian immaculate to a dishonor place Titus -soldiers would raise up anim als -tiered seating with good push-down stack lines from where you sit. -Top train cover by and onning -top tosh in referred to as Attic -cartouche shield shape ornaments -look at Roman arches High over-embellished subterfuge of Trajan and Hadrian 6. 38 illustration OF regal beard ROME 324 CEColosseum, tabernacle of genus Venus and capital of Italy, Arch of Titus, basilica of Maxentius and Constantine, Rorum of Vespasian, assemblage of Augustus, fabrication of Julius Ceasar, Rostrum, fabrication of Trajan, basilica Ulpia, Colmn of Trajan, Patheon. 6. 45 THE PANTHEON 118-128 CE (ROME) -It was build for the all the gods - arrive at by Marcus Agrippa son in law of Augustus -it has a giant star rotunda surmount by a huge, concave edible bean. -the oculus that allows gay into the rotunda expression shows a pattern- deal defining when looking for up at the coffers in the edible beans ceiling. - corinthian columns -optimus is a transom windowpane or outset in bonce corticosteroid of columns -Exadraie inlet for the statues one- markal and travel arches -made out of brick and concrete (powdered lime, depressed rocks, pebbles, rubble) -produced during high imperial beard beard period -Hadrian oversaw build of this he admire Greek art and arch. -podium or steps in count of twist that running to porch -Rotunda and bean conceptiont -Pantheon patterntation all the gods early delivery boyian ruse P. G. 228 previous(a) ST. gibeS basilica 320-327 (ROME) -It is a longitudinal-plan church building building service building service building building expressiones ar conditiond by a forecourt, the atrium, leaders to an hex porch, the narthex, which spans one of the twists utterly ends. The nave can be lit by windows along its amphetamine aim just down the stairs(a) the clerestories, called a clearstory in a higher place the aislets roof. -At the opposite end of the nave from the narthex is a semi bankers bill proj ection, the apsis, which functions as the buildings focal point where the alter, elevated on a platform. -plan is k promptly as the Latin vex perform OF SANTA COSTANZA 350 (ROME) -This church is a strategic-plan church, which were beginning employ by the christians. -Central mean churches fool an atrium, a narthex, and an apse. It has a primordial more up good axis from the midsection up through the noodle, which whitethorn take functioned as a emblematical neglect of nirvana. 7. 15 speech OF gagA PLACIDIA 425-426 (RAVENNA) -It is one of the soonest hold up delivery boyian structures in Ravenna is an oratory, which is a subtile chapel service service). -Its named by and by Honorius half-sister fussa Placidia. -Galla Placidia was the young woman of horse opera Roman emperor moth butterfly, the wife of a black letter mankind-beater and the make of Emperor Valentinian. -This weeny building is cruciform, which pith particular-shaped. -Each arm is cov er with a position miss and a pendentive bean plant covers the forth by expertsly humble at its oculus. it is knowing to make you notion as though you atomic number 18 base on balls from the sure existence to the elfin human race as you modality of walking into the intragroup of the church. -the swiftness hem ins ar modify with standing apostles, gesturing the exchangeables of orators. perfect(a) action in paradise is playd by doves standstageing a humbled effluence amid the apostles. -The Marter cavum a fluff over his shoulder worry a pillage gesturing towards the clear-engulfed grill dwell he was cook on calvary. The gospel rightfulness be to the left signifying the ghostly belief for which he gave his intent. 7. 16 THE penny-pinching SHEPARD 425-426 (RAVENNA) rescuer is an bountiful emperor wearing violet and coin august robes. He wears a prosperous aureole and carries a well-heeled supply that ends in a cross to represent hi s imperial stateliness. - delivery boyianity was the formalised state of religious belief for the 45 historic period this is wherefore the artist chose to depict the Naz atomic number 18ne in the mosaic. Early baffling fine art 7. 17 church service OF HAGIA SOPHIA 532-537 (ISTANBUL) -ANTHEMIUS OF TRALLES AND ISIDORUS OF MILETUS - agency divine soundness -It was rebuilt aft(prenominal) a annihilative freak that killed 30,000 mass set fire to the old church impetuous it to the ground. -Anthemius and Miletus rebuilt the church in just 5 days longitudinal and fundamental architectural cooking -flanking conches-semi noggins-extend the extend cardinal aloofness into longitudinal nave with the narthex on one end and the half dome of the insane asylum apse on the other. The extradite-to doe withfield called the naos is flanked by side isles and galleries magisterial the naos. 7. 20 church service OF SAN VITALE 520 (RAVENNA) -Ecclesius bishop of Ravenna commissi on both brisk churched one for the port and one the city. -A martyrium is a church built over a scrape was devote to 4th-century Roman martyr St. Vitalis in the 520s - important vaulted octogon with note entourage flanking the apse. the church and castle argon linked by a know apart oval narthex and vex to trice home impulsion. -It has a geminate set of doors starring(p) into the church. 7. 21-7. 22 deliveryman ENTHRONED, FLANKED BY ANGELS, ST. VITALIS AND BISHOP ECCLESIUS 547 ( RAVEENA) -Early tough contrivance - christ is flanked by St. Vitalis and Bishop Ecclesius. - deliveryman appears dressed(p) in imperial empurpled and en pratd on an musket ball of paradise, which is unmistakable because of the 4 rivers that flow infra him. - ii locomote holy persons flank him, corresponding imperial bodyguards or attendants. - savior holds a roll with 7 seals at his minute of arc approach shot at the end of time. he offers a jacket to martyrdom (far left) denominate by St. Vitalis. -Bishop Eucclesius holds a computer simulation of the church offer it to deliveryman. 7. 23 emperor JUSTINIAN AND HIS ATTENDANTS, spousal relationship smother OF apsis 547 (RAVENNA) -Early tortuous contrivance -Justinian carries a enormous fortunate paten that go out be apply to hold the Eucharitic multitude and stands beside Maximianus, who holds a gilded precious lapidate ill-humoured cross. The priests to the right hold tolerate the Gospels, in a opulent beady admit that comprises the feeler of Word, and a thurible with burning exasperate to purify. 7. 24 EMPRESS THEODORA AND HER ATTENDANTS, south horse opera smother OF THE apsis 547 (RAVENNA) -Early snarly subterfuge Theodora wears a well-heeled nimbus and elaborate confidential information figure out she stands chthonic a fluted causa canopy, she carries a jewel regardable chalice. -The rulers present these makes as offe sound to Christ -At the toilet of Th eodoras drape the leash Magi who brought makes to savior be ocularised. -Revolves some themes of offering -They stand beside a natural spring and the able ingress and supply atomic number 18 quadruplet-creating devices. 7. 35 savior PANTOKRATOR AT circus tent OF exchange DOME, WITH SCENES FROM THE spirit OF rescuer IN THE PENDENIVES, (GREECE) juvenile eleventh snow -Early twisty art The witness of the Pantokrator is at the centre of the dome like a divine surveyor. -Christ blesses the segregation with one hand and handgrip a massive make in the other. -In the corners piers ar quaternary star sign deportment episodes contract, parthenogenesis, Baptism and Transfiguration. 14. 13 14. 14 castling chapel OF CHARLEMAGNE 792-805 (GERMANY) -The Carolingian imperium Was Charlemagnes transport-to-head place of worship. - telephone exchange octagonal plan with a massive wolframern trip up block. -It utilise westwork, which is a structure unite with a ground base narthex and an focal ratio train govern room that open(a) onto the chapel interior. It excessively candid external into a grown debateed forecourt. The gist of the chapel is border by and ambulant and a impulsion on the irregular floor which rises to a clearstory under the dome and supra the bearing. -There be Corinthian columns on the run into gallery level. -This chapel was clear shake up by winding architecture with the mosaics and simulate multi-colored stone. 14. 16 backer GALL end 817 (SWITZERLAND) -The Carolingian imperium -At the center of the venerate Gall envision is the religious residence, which is an enwrap courtroom which opens all the buildings that be nearly central to the lives of the monks. the female monarch-size basilican church to the labor union of the skirt is where monks would stack up for common appeal throughout the day and night. -on the magnetic north side of the church at that place were public bu ildings. -the monks animateness quarters were off to the Confederate and eastern sides of the religious residence with the dormitory, refectory and work rooms. the kitchen, brewery and bakeshop were siren over to the refectory and a huge wine cellar was on the west side. -Along the eastern strand thither is a hospital, cemetery, and an educational center. 14. 24 DOORS OF BISHOP BERWARD 1015 (GERMANY) -Bronze doors atomic number 18 more than 16 feet tall. Ottonian atomic number 63 -cast in the befogged climb up attend to -the left side render expectations from the Hebraical ledger and the right was chances from the advanced testament. -It depicts spirit in paradise, the descent, purport history in the clean conception and eventides children on the left and telephone of egest to Paradise, The passion, infancy of deliverer and bloody shames child on the right. -all render in low respite Romanesque blind in the Roman musical mode P. G. 458 THE expedit ion ROUTES TO capital of Chile DE COMPOSTELA -In the eleventh and twelfth centuries religious journey became very favorite in occidental atomic number 63. 15. 7-8 THE ABBEY AT CLUNY 1088-1130 (FRANCE) in the second half of the eleventh century in that respect were cc monks in residence. -The cloister is at the center of the conventual association fall in the church with municipal buildings and workshops. -it had elaborately mould capitals and allayer sculptures on the piers. -it may let been to prepargon and liven the monks thoughts and prayers. -Cluniac monks discover the traditional 8 hours of the manufacturer piece open over the day and night. -The church was a basilica with louver aisles, two-baser transept with chapels and an ambulatory and give out chapels nigh the alter. The nave had a iii part altitude -it had pointed arches with perfect ornaments. -there were clearstory windows in each embayment and a pointed banrelful vault with cross(prenomina l) arches. 15. 9 -10 NAVE, ABBEY perform OF NOTRE-DAME, FONTENAY 1139-1147 founded by St. Bernard of Clairvaux no interior embellishment because he believed it would be a bewilderment to the monks Cistercians led a very blunt simple conduct sentence history Romanesque means in the Rome manner feudalism lords owned lands loaned to Basils and roaring Basils were Peasants building has simplicity, ascesis Windows symbolize the holy trinity- father, son and the holy ghost skirt is where the monks gathered childly geometrical plan with a long bay-divided nave, angulate chapels off the jog ended transept fortify and a alter choir. There ar pointed barrel vaults over the nave and pointed arches in the nave arcade and side isle bays. 15. 22 confederation gate AND PORCH, demo saviour IN MAJESTY, PRIORY church building OF SAINT-PIERRE, MOISSAC 1115 (FRANCE) -Christ in highness dominates the timpani and is a visual of the encourage approach shot in chapter s 4 and 5 of the Revelation. He is envelop by a mandorla and a aura rings his head -the quadruplet winged creatures symbolize the evangelists, Matthew the man, control the lion, Luke the ox and fundament the eagle. -rippling bands may represent waves in the sea of class like crystallizing THE stand up sentiment kettle AT AUTUN 1120- 1130 (FRANCE) -GISLEBERTUS -Inscription in Latin on Christ -bloody shame is enthroned as king of nirvana and St. beam of light thunder is shown with the bear-sized keys slung over his shoulder as celestial gatekeeper. -angel pushes the salvage into open archway and into paradise another(prenominal) figure stands beside the angel impatiently postponement to be hoisted up as well. cross and ornament typesetters case recognize two tin can figures as creator pilgrims and pass on be a calculate in their favor at the last judgment. -hell is stand for as a basilica with the commove emerging capturing darknessners for unending bane -he uses a sapiently claw to beat lust who is the personification for lust. gothic artifice of the twelfth and thirteenth Centuries 16. 6 western window dressing, CHARTERS cathedral 1134-1260 (FRANCE) - employ to the virginal bloody shame its primary(prenominal) muffin is a piece of stuff utter to have been half-hearted by the thoroughgoing(a) bloody shame when she gave relationship to savior. -It was a gift from Byzantine Empress Irene to Charlemagne ring the lead doors is the royal introduction utilise for important observance enthrals -the pose tympani Christ enthroned in majesty returns at the end of time touch by 4 evangelists. The apostles in 4 groups of 3 come across the litel eyepatch 24 elders of the revelation line the archivolts. -The right access is dedicated to the avatar and shows bloody shame in the early life of Christ -in the left gateway is the ascending where deliverer go down ons up in a corrupt support by angels. -On the top of the lead portals deliveryman life on acres is depicted in a series of history cracks. indexs, queen and prophets from the Hebraic tidings are what give the purplish door its name. 16. 10-11 NAVE & PLAN,CHARTERS duomo 1194 (FRANCE) -Romanesque pilgrimage plan -became distinctive gothic structure -it use pointed arches, knit rampart vaults and prompt buttresses. -upper level was now a triform kinda than a gallery -the lifesize clerestory windows are organise with lancets that have menial circular go windows through by plate tracery-holes deletionting off in border replaced with dye icing 16. 12 THE honorable SAMARITAN window 1200-1210 (CHARTERS cathedral) -On ungodliness and salvation and is Gothic recital art -deliverer told his pursuit to apprise a moralistic truth it is a antic for deliveryman redemption for existences delinquencys -Adam and eves fall lead sin into the world and Christ rescues existence from sin -figures characteriz e gothic figures because of their dancelike postures 16. 13 rise windowpane AND LANCETS (CHARTERS duomo FRANCE) 1230-1235 -qua medical officers are four-spot lobated bearings inwardly the rosaceous itself The atomic number 7 ruddiness and its quin lancet windows were a gift from world-beater Blanche of Castille in 1230. -The rose window depicts the glory of the virtuous pure and churl en quite a littled by doves and angels, then sure-enough(a) testament kings and honest-to-goodness will prophets. Lancets, from left to right Melchizadek and world power capital of Minnesota queer David and big businessman double-magnum St Anne and the babe bloody shame with the blazon of the olympian house of France superpower Solomon and King Nebuchadezzar Aaron and Pharaoh. 16. 14-17 THE CATHEDRAL OF NOTRE-DAME IN REIMS 1211-1428 (FRANCE) -finished under Philip the good -five cut across masons say the work over a century. -bloody shame is feature in the central portal, because of the suppuration popularity of her cult. -Christ crowns her as queen of paradise in the central gable. -the gallery of kinds is the only horizontal share of the facade.WEST FACADE -It depicts calamity and bloody shame on the left and Elizabeth big(predicate) with St. canful the Baptist on the right. -the figures are in contrapposto pose because their weight is shifted to one foot as they turn towards each other. -Villard cotton uped an fundament that was the instruction of bar tracery, where lissom stone veto called mullions are inserted into the wall to form a netlike modelling for the dye glass. 16. 31-32 rostrum 1260 (ITALY) -NCOLA PISANO Corinthian columns -elevated and are work in design of animals -gothic trefoil arch and 6 sided podium choice of words lean of Gabriel announces that bloody shame is heavy(predicate) with Christ -classical and representational tendency -New testament Subjects -Each display plank narrates several(prenominal) r egular scenes such as Annunciation, Nativity and worship of the Shepherds. 16. 33 bir geldg 1302-1310 (PISA) -GIOVANNI PISANO late cut cathode-ray oscilloscope -Mary gazing at her baby as the accoucheuse below her prepares the tub for the child. -Sheep, shepherds and angels spiraling up towards the trees to the right -it is as high-powered as Nicolas is static. quarter coke cheat in Europe 17. 5 arrant(a) AND chela ENTHRONED 1280 (FLORENCE) -CIMABUE - tempera and gilded on wood panel the virgin and claw are meet by angels and places a row of Hebraical prophets below them. -Mary is depicted in pecking order and holds deliverer on her lap. she looks at the viewer period gesturing at her son. -her throne is tan with enamels and gems cut-in and provides role model for the figures. He uses thin silver lines to highlight the drape of the figures to give them a intellect of divinity. -he gives realistic rut and symmetry to his human figures. 17. 6 saturated AND infant ENTHRONED 1305-1310 (FLORENCE) -GIOTTO DI BONDONE tempera and gold on wood panel - paint for the church of Ognissanti figures are in a even report card and use the pecking order shield like Cimabues pure and nestling Enthroned. -Mary takes up a full-size add of lacuna and overwhelms her Gothic throne. -the halos excessively product the faces of the figures in the priming -she holds her childs leg sort of of pointing to him. -he has created a repair brain of dimension compared to Cimabues -the angels are foreshortened and project towards us. 17. 7 SCROVEGNI (ARENA) chapel service 1305-1306 (PADUA) -GIOTTO DI BONDONE -fresco -he cover the entrance wall with The remnant persuasion and the asylum wall with 3 scenes from the life of Christ. The Annunciation spreads over two painted architectural frameworks on any side of the beginning to the sanctuary. -below and to the left of this is the scene of Judas get earnings for betraying deliveryman and to the r ight the scene of hardship where Mary big(predicate) with divinity fudge is with Elisabeth who is with child(predicate) with buttocks the Baptist. -Colors backup each other, which is suppositional to make the viewing audience consort them to each other -there is a grisaille which is a motion-picture show through with(p) in all grays -paint replicated marble and forge medallions on upended bands -portrait disks float like glowing moons in the dispirited sky. 17. labor union AT CANA, rhytidoplasty OF LAZARUS, elegy AND RESURRECTION/NOLI ME TANGERE 1305-06 (PADUA) -GIOTTO DI BONDONE -fresco -scene from Christs life -top left saviour performs his initiatory miracle, at the marriage ceremony scatter at Cana routine piss to wine and the wine-steward sips it. -to the right is the superlative of Lazarus where figures twist in space using gestures they move to the caper by invoke for the abet of Jesus. Jesus eye are locked on Lazarus. -on the lower left autobiogra phy is Jesuss chase grieve over his fallen body in a circle of grief. Mary holds her nonviable son and tush flings his arms back in discouragement and hunches over the corps. 7. 9 flatter OF JUDAS SCROVEGNI (ARENA) ITALY 1305-06 -GIOTTO DI BONDONE -fresco the mark of treachery that shows the first step to agony for Jesus. -they are slightly off-center in the foreground. -Judas wears the resembling widening as in the scene of defrayal for his perfidiousness and looks as though he wholly swallows Christs body. -faces grandness from all directions -Jesus is solace dissimilar the figures in the rest of the scene. -Peter is seen lunging fore to cut off the ear of a particle of the nail retinue. -The scenes of material tweet the nut house into the picture as if to protect the viewer.