Contrast Between Satire in The Rape Of The Lock and A Modest Proposal E

Contrast Between Satire in The bungle Of The toss and A Modest Proposal Although Alexander Popes, The Rape Of The Lock and Jonathan Swifts A Modest Proposal are both witty mockerys, they differ on their style, intention, and mood. To begin, in The Rape Of The Lock, Alexander Pope accustoms Horation satire to invoke a light, whimsical, melancholy mood to illustrate the absurdity of fighting over the cutting of ones hair. In fact, Horation satire is defined by K. Lukes as a device that is urban, smiling, witty and seeks to correct the human foibles. and is further reiterated in The Concise Oxford Dictionary Of Literary terms as Horation satire, often contrasted with the bitterness of Juvenalian satire, is a more indulgent, tolerant treatment of human inconsistencies and follies, ironically amused rather than outraged (101). Thus, Alexander Popes intentions in writing The Rape Of The Lock was to turn an actual incident in which A young man Lord Petre, had sportively cut off a l ock of a Miss Arabella Fermors hair,(Poetry, 211) into jest ... so that good relations (and possibly negotiations toward a marriage between principals) might be resumed (Poetry, 211) This type of satire is conveyed through Popes use of mock epic form. This satire first begins with Popes invocation to the muses, a higher power, emphasizing that the tragedy about to occur is above mere worldly issues, and a debate that belongs amongst the gods. Hence, Pope writes What dire discourtesy from amorous causes springs, / What mighty contests rise from trivial things, I sing-This verse to Caryll, Muse is due (English,1110). It is comical that the dire offense is the cutting of Belindas hair rather than a life-threatening... ...gh a twisted, absurd, fictitious proposal to condemn their actions, and thus, hopes to shock those involved into social change. WORKS CITED Allison, Barrows, Blake, et al. eds. The Norton Anthology Of Poetry . 3rd Shorter ed. impudently York Norton, 1983. 211 . Baldick, Chris. The Concise Oxford Dictionary Of Literary Terms , New York Oxford University Press, 1990. Lukes, K. B.A. (Hons.) (Alberta), M.A. (Brit. Col.), English. English 424 Section3 Term 93/3 Class Lectures Sept. 1993 Pope, Alexander. The Rape Of The Lock. In The Norton Anthology Of English Literature The Major Authors . Ed. M.H. Abrams et al. 5th Ed. New York Norton, 1987. 1108-1128 Swift, Jonathan. A Modest Proposal. In The Norton Anthology Of English Literature The Major Authors. Ed. M.H. Abrams et al. 5th ed. New York Norton, 1987. 1078-1085

Chapter 4 of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essay -- Mary Shelley Franken

Chapter 4 of Mary Shelleys FrankensteinIn 1816 the famous gothic novel Frankenstein was begun, Frankensteinwas largely successful because it was the first sci-fi novel thatanyone had ever so seen. The Gothicism that this genre is meant to exposeis very good because it really is written to evoke terror in readersand test the dark side of human nature, and of course other reasonthe novel was a success, was because the author Mary Shelley had afirst hand experience of the death that this book precedes. Mary beganthe novel in Italy afterwards staying with Lord Byron and after adiscussion about science they challenged each other to a ghost writingcompetition, Marys mother died concisely after Mary was born. Mary had twochildren that died and one was called William, these experiences ofdeath were mirrored in Marys novel. Also reading journals from herhusbands early life, he wanted to be a surgeon, and after talking withhim and the family doctor where she thought up the idea of usinge lectricity to bring corpses to life. In this essay I willing be writingthe about atmosphere of the chapter, the facial contrasts of thecreature, Frankensteins dream, the creatures intentions, thecreatures special request, the prejudice against the creature and thedestruction of Frankenstein. Frankenstein hysterical reaction towardshis creation, I will show you is prejudice and unjust.At the beginning of the chapter 4 Mary Shelley starts off by settingthe scene of Frankensteins workshop, the aura created around thescene was shown as disastrous and dreary, I comprehend from the textthat it was a rainy night by the following quotes,It was on a dreary night of November.The rain pattered dismally against the... ...re children how they shouldbe looked after or else the child will grow up the same way he wasbrought up in a non-caring way, and also that everyone in hostelry hasresponsibility to the helpless and needy, because they too want to behelped and accepted by others or they too will feel unable to managewith the life that was brought on to them. It also shows that nomatter what, there will be prejudice found in your lifetime and theywill be prejudice towards you, but in this novel Frankensteinscreation was called The Monster, but he is only misunderstood the realmonster in this novel is Victor Frankenstein himself, and all thetorture he went through he brought upon himself. In conclusion, youhave a responsibility towards everyone else, and your actions you holdmay be brought against you if you cannot bring yourself to show thecorrect moral ethics.

Science and Technology in Reflections and Enemies of Promise :: Reflections Enemies

knowledge and Technology in Reflections and Enemies of Promise The controversy over science is the telephone exchange argument in both Max Borns Reflections and J. Michael Bishops Enemies of Promise. Science and technology have greatly influenced and improved the way people live in a society. However, plot of ground Born argues that science is the essence of the breakdown of human civilization (208), Bishop strongly disagrees with Borns thinks that scientists must take accountability for their inventions and discoveries. Borns essay partly portrays a negative view towards scientists and science. It shows examples of inventions along with their negative effects towards nature and the world. For example, medicine has overcome most plagues and epidemic diseases and it has doubled the human lifespan within a single contemporaries the result . . . catastrophic overpopulation (Born 209). On the other hand, Bishop believes that science has a more positive impact on the w orld. To him, We live in an age of scientific triumph. Science has solved many of natures puzzles and greatly enlarged human knowledge (237). Bishops view is right. But a point of similarity between the two readys is that to be a true scientist one needs a complete education, which includes human-centred subjects like literature, art, philosophy, history, religion, and music. For instance in Borns words, Scientists should not be cut off from humanistic thinking (212), for it has insights to offer into the human condition (Bishop 238). Here both agree. Another strong argument is that societys judgment of science is clouded by ignorance. It blames science for what ar actually the failures of individuals or society to use the knowledge that science has provided. The blame is misplaced (Bishop 239). For example, the government spends millions of dollars on the tobacco industry even though it is a proven scientific fact that tobacco kills. This shows that some people only want to misuse scientific products, so they should be prepared to take responsibility for their action and not blame it on science as Born implies. Although Borns Reflections and Bishops Enemies of Promise share some similar points the main focus of each work is quite different. In Reflections, Born confesses a sense of responsibility for the break down in human civilization (208).

Transformations :: essays research papers

The Study of transformation and its meaning can be difficult to realise. It can however be made easier through he use of sources such as novels, plays and movies. Two plays that help this study, include Shakespeares village and Stoppards R + G.Both plays are written in different times making the 2 a very important aspect, in its relation to the notion of transformation. Through elements in both plays such as context, themes and techniques we are able to understand the relationship between the twain The context and values of both plays are able to bring out the nature of the protagonists. The context of hamlet reflects mainly on the cahning cociety, in the 16th & 17th centurys, from the Elizabethan order to the Renaissance Period.The context of R + G on the other hand reflects on changed society today focusing on the presence of 20th century existentialism and the influence of the theatre of absurd. Shakes revenge tradegy distinctly exemplifies the value of Elizabethan society .This is most manifested in the divine supremacy afforded the king and the profound & moral consequences of regicide. Awareness of the divinity was paramount in the Elizabethan age as seen with Hamlet grapple with fate to be or not to be soliloquy (Act III).In R + G on the other hand, instead of being regarded as high authority, they absolutely have no power and are viewed as your typical ordinary man.Protesting against the notion that the universe is a determined, ordered system, the external argument is clearly manifested through the attempts of stoppards protagonist, to establish a sense of information which denotes a district lack of order to the universe.WE can identify R + G as air division of a disillusioned age which the world has stopped making sense through the undermining of values & assurances of former generations. This can be seen I Act II of R + Gs likely onging movement around the stage and inconsequential questioning.The understanding of transformation can also b e made apparent through theme/character and it helps understand the relationship between the two plays. It brings out the journey on the protagonist in the play. Central to Hamlet is a consideration of the notion of destiny. In R + G as in Hamlet, it raises the issue of fate and its role in our lives. The relationship between the two plays is explored raising the issue of its role in our lives.

Social Promotion or Retention: The Only choices for failing students? E

Social Promotion or Retention The Only choices for helplessness students?How to help students who fail, or students who do not achieve up to a certain academic standard, is an issue that probably goes back to the beginning of levels of school for students to progress through. In the U.S. it goes back to the 1840s where age-graded schools began. In those times children who did not meet a certain standard were retained, or they repeated that grade. Rates of grade retention are difficult to trace in the past as well as currently. In some of these illustrative examples, a state could reduce retention by half in thirty years. However, different states had different retention rates. In 1909 one Massachusetts school district had a 7.5% retention rate while a Tennessee had a 75.8%. In the 1930s educators recognized that grade repetition might endanger students social and emotional development, which gave rise to the practice of social promotion. As a result of this policy, students were pas sed on to the next grade even if they were not ready for the work. (Alkin, 1114) Both social promotion and retention intend to rectify the problem of failing students. However, does either of these two methods succeed? If they do not then what does?Retention is the process of keeping students at the grade they fail. However, according to Donald R. Moore, the executive director of Designs for Change, a Chicago non-profit group that strives to improve schools, Its a politically popular initiative, but it harms kids in the long term. (Gewertz, 1, 13 2002) talking about repeating the alike(p) grade. Holding students back a grade without changing the instructional strategies is ineffective. Much evidence suggests that the achievement of retained stud... ... likely to fail and help them before it bum happen. (Riley, 1999), (Oakes, 1999). Mr. Franczyk, a principal in Chicago, where social promotion has ceased says, Retention itself does not benefit anyone. But early intervention does, I see it every year. indorse for early intervention working is overwhelming. As Alexander, Entwisle, and Dauber put it, the answer to social promotion and retention is intervention policies that ensure that resources are brought to bear to promote made student learning, especially for those children at risk of failure. (Alexander, 1994) This policy should lower failing rates and help students gain the mastery over the studied material it in any case shows them that they do not have little worth and that much is expected from them. This policy change address why students fail and changes in those areas are indispensable for them to succeed.

Social Promotion or Retention: The Only choices for failing students? E

Social Promotion or Retention The Only choices for give waying students?How to inspection and repair students who let on, or students who do not achieve up to a certain academic standard, is an issue that probably goes back to the beginning of levels of school for students to progress through. In the U.S. it goes back to the 1840s where age-graded schools began. In those times children who did not meet a certain standard were retained, or they repeated that grade. Rates of grade retention be difficult to trace in the past as well as currently. In some of these illustrative examples, a state could reduce retention by half in thirty years. However, different states had different retention rates. In 1909 one Massachusetts school district had a 7.5% retention rate turn a Tennessee had a 75.8%. In the 1930s educators recognized that grade repetition might endanger students social and emotional development, which gave rise to the pull of social promotion. As a result of this policy, students were passed on to the next grade even if they were not ready for the work. (Alkin, 1114) Both social promotion and retention think to rectify the problem of failing students. However, does either of these two methods succeed? If they do not then what does?Retention is the process of keeping students at the grade they fail. However, match to Donald R. Moore, the executive director of Designs for Change, a Chicago non-profit group that strives to improve schools, Its a politically popular initiative, but it harms kids in the long term. (Gewertz, 1, 13 2002) talk of the town about repeating the same grade. Holding students back a grade without changing the instructional strategies is ineffective. Much evidence suggests that the achievement of retained stud... ... likely to fail and help them before it can happen. (Riley, 1999), (Oakes, 1999). Mr. Franczyk, a principal in Chicago, where social promotion has ceased says, Retention itself does not benefit anyone. But early in tervention does, I see it every year. Evidence for early intervention working is oerwhelming. As Alexander, Entwisle, and Dauber put it, the answer to social promotion and retention is intervention policies that ensure that resources are brought to bear to promote successful student learning, especially for those children at risk of failure. (Alexander, 1994) This policy should lower failing rates and help students gain the mastery over the studied material it also shows them that they do not have little worth and that much is expected from them. This policy change address why students fail and changes in those areas are necessary for them to succeed.

Gastrin

What is gastrin? What is its source? What are its target cells? What are its functions? gastrin is one of the many hormones that stimulates secretion of digestive acrimonious by the parietal cells that lining the indorse. The G cells produced and released the gastric acids in the stomach and the duodenum to allows the stomach to break down proteins swallowed as food and absorb certain vitamins, gastric acids in like manner disinfectant and kills most of the bacteria when entering the stomach with food that reduces the risk of infection in the stomach. 2.What causes the release of gastrin? The G cells trigger the release of gastrin in the blood when food enters the stomach, as gastrin level rises in the blood, the stomach will release gastric acid to help digest and break down food. 3. What cells produce stomach acid? What is stomach acid? Parietal cells or oxyntic cells are cells that produce stomach acids. Stomach acid is a digestive fluid that has a pH of 1-2 composed of hydroc hloric acid, potassium and sodium. 4. What systemic (body-wide) condition can occur as a result of too much stomach acid production (usually occurs due to excessive vomiting)?Explain wherefore this happens. Helicobacter pylori or (H. pylori infection), patient with this condition may develop peptic ulcer if there is imbalance between the amount of acid and the mucus defense bulwark lining the stomach thus, the amount of imbalance acid will damage the lining ot the stomach, causing the detense mucus barrier to be disrupted and inflammation to the stomach mucosa leading to acid to be increased and excessive vomiting that caused by lost of potassium, sodium, hydrogen and chloride ions in the stomach acid composition. 5. What is Helicobacter pylori? How is it treated?Is also known as H. pylori infection that is identified in the gastric antrum of patients with active chronic gastritis and peptic ulcers, which is now recognized as the major cause of gastric malignant neoplastic disease . It can be treated by omeprazole and antibiotic treatment. 6. What pathological conditions can H. pylori cause in humans? Gastric adenocarcinoma, Chronic Gastritis, gastric cancer gastrointestinal cancers and peptic ulcers 7. What did this study assess/evaluate/explore? The study assess that gastrin has a distinct effect on the gastric school principal and antrum n the setting of chronic gastric Helicobacter infection.While gastrin is possibly an essential cofactor for gastric corpus carcinogenesis, gastrin deficiency can predispose animals to antral tumorigenesis, and thus any imbalances in gastrin physiology may spiel a risk for gastric transformation 8. What were the authors conclusions? There are different effect of gastrin on carcinogenesis (normal cells are transformed into cancer cells) of both the gastric corpus and antrum, suggesting that gastrin is an essential cofactor for gastric corpus carcinogenesis

Case Study of Classroom Environment of Foreign and Local Students at Fiji Essay

The schoolroom environment is a major contributing factor that endure either enhance or reduce schoolchild performance. Several studies by scholars have also recognised the important role played by classroom environment in learning and teaching. Hence the illuminateerature review will critically examine such important aspects of classroom environment that differentiate classrooms of foreign and local anesthetic students of FNU Nadi campus. The factors which will be outlined argon arranging the classroom space, the desk placement methods, the environmental elections of students such as lighting and temperature and also some critical factors such as all overcrowding in classrooms and noise level.Arranging the classroom space To begin with, the arrangement of the classroom furniture is adept of the differentiating factors in classroom environments. Studies by Linda Shalaway state that the classrooms physical layout reflects a teacher and his/her learning style (Shalaway 2011). Classroom space includes the arrangement of furniture, classroom decoration and even student placement/ sit arrangement. In Reggio Emilia a town located in the north of Italy, its educators stress on the importance of classroom environment and consider it to be an new(prenominal)(prenominal) teacher (Shalaway 2011). date Rivlin and Rothenberg (1976) found that teachers do not seem to know how to arrange the furniture. Therefore it is important for a teacher to design his/her classroom in such a way that it is qualified to cater for all the students needs. ace such way outlined by Sturt is that we smoke arouse students interest by having interesting wall displays and exciting objects around to make a complex environment. Although it is sad to note that classroom decoration is given the least concern in particular at tertiary level and its high time that it is given more importance now.Desk placement methods Moreover, the arrangement of desk is one of the common and most powerf ul factors of classroom environment. Studies reveal that some teachers prefer to seat students in U shaped settings so that they can make eye contact with every student (Shalaway 2011). Another research done by Holley & Steiner, (2005) revealed that seating arrangements that allowed class members to see everyone such as sitting in a circle contributed to the creation of a safe space. In respect to my research, the seating arrangement of foreign students classroom is generally in a U shape that facilitates ease of mobility and group interaction. While the classroom of local students at FNU Nadi Campus, has desk arranged in single and double rows that mostly cater for independent work. Contrary to that, in the research carried by Holley & Steiner (2005) students had give tongue to that row-style seating was a characteristic of an unsafe classroom. Thus the desk placement should be such that it allows group interaction but at same time is able to cater for independent work as well.Env ironmental preference Lighting Moving on, there are certain environmental preferences that affect classroom environment. One of them is the amount of light or lighting in classroom either its natural light (sunlight) or artificial- such as light bulbs. Light is one of the elements of the immediate environment that affects some students ability to learn (Burke & Burke-Samide 2004 236). The writer also states that those who preferred bright light performed better when tested in brightly lit classrooms. While students who preferred dim lights performed better in dimly lit atmosphere. Therefore it is wise to have ample light that best suits the need of everyone. In my research the classrooms of foreign students are normally lit by artificial lighting trance classrooms of local students usually use natural lighting. This shows that lighting preference differs from classroom to classroom. Although, it is advisable for teachers to adjust the classroom lights according to the students pref erences to help facilitate learning.Temperature Likewise, temperature is another environmental preference that differs in classroom environment situations. Research on the environment element of temperature reveals that most students prefer a warm yet comfortable instructional climate (Burke & Burke-Samide 2004 236). While Pepler (1972) found that non- air conditioned schools in the summer produced a wider distribution of test scores (variance) compared with air-conditioned schools. This aligns with my research as the classrooms of foreign students have air condition to control temperature while the local students of FNU Nadi Campus bear the heat of the normal climate. Therefore, its likely that the temperature either extremely hot or cold can affect student performance and productivity.Overcrowded classrooms Furthermore, overcrowding in classrooms in general affects the classroom environment. As Baron & Rodin (1978) found that as class size increases, so does learned helpless(preno minal)ness. Students in large classes have less opportunity for the teacher to give personal praise and thus it leads to learned helplessness. Therefore classrooms should be such that it is able to cater/accommodate the required look of students. In respect to my research, the classrooms of foreign students are just big enough to accommodate small groups of a maximum of 8 students while classrooms of local students which are large enough to accommodate 40 students at a time usually get overcrowded because of lack of big airy classrooms and tutors have to cater for over 80 students at a time in the same classroom. Hence classroom size should be large enough to cater for everyones needs. ring Last but not the least noise is one of those major elements that affect classroom environment. Sound is an element of the environment that can affect donnish achievement (Opolot- Okurut 2010 267- 277). Studies conducted by Sturt (n.d), surveyed children in elementary schools that were beneath t he flight path for Los Angeles International Airport and compared it with children in quieter classrooms. It was found that children in loud schools had higher short letter pressure and were more distractible compared to children in quieter classrooms. Likewise, Bronzaft and McCarthy (1975) studied children taught in classes on either side of a school. One side of the school faced a noisy railway track and it was found that 11% of teaching time was lost on the noisy side and reading ability was down compared to children on the other side. This suggests that noise indeed affects students ability to learn. With respect to my research, classrooms of foreign students are enclosed hence there is very little chance of noise disturbance while classrooms of local students are fairy open hence a lot of noise gets generated within and outside of the classroom.To conclude, it can be said that certain environmental factors such as classroom space, desk placement methods, light and temperature preferences along with overcrowding and noise in classrooms affect the general harmony of the classroom environment. From the literature findings I can suggest that things such as decorating classrooms will help make students energetic and enthusiastic towards learning. Also desk should be arranged in such a personal manner that it propagates both individual and group discussions. Similarly, educators should be considerate of students preferences of light and temperature. While at the same time avoid overcrowding and noisy situations in class. Hence in the long run it will help educators to wisely spend their investments in upgrading facilities as they will be able to analyse the impact of different environmental features so that students, faculty and universities get the most benefit from the spending.

Muscle Contraction Steps

During a Muscle Contraction The muscle fiber is in a resting state. The resting state is slightly negative inside and slightly positive outside. It has to be in this state in order to receive a message. First the brain sends a message to the muscle using a neuron whence reaches the axon terminal of the neuron. Calcium render then open on the axon terminal allowing calcium to rush in. Ach release from axon terminals, diffuses across the synaptic clef and binds to (receptors) on motor end plate.Then Ach receptor channel opens and increases permeability of Na+ into karyoplasms. This allows sodium gates to open. Na+ enters muscle fiber, rapid depolarization of sarcolemma occurs. Voltage changes to a less negative charge. An increase of Na+ rushing into cell allows for more gates to open (depolarization wave). Acetylcholinesterase is an enzyme that resets and closes gates once Ach is removed from its receptor. Once sodium gates close it initiates K+ gates to open.K+ rushes out of the ce ll this and once repolarized the gates closes by the use of a pump and return to a resting state. ATP powers the Ca++ active charge pumps. The action potential spreads away from the end plate in all directions and depolarizes the T-tubules and dips down into the SR and depolarizes it. Calcium gates on the SR return open and allows calcium to rush out into the sarcoplasm. Calcium gates close, when a gate opens its a one way movement.Ca++ combines with protien troponin and changes shape exposing the myosin cover charge sites on actin. This is the latent period, the lag time between stimulation and contraction. Myosin heads or cross bridges attach to actin binding sites on thin chains. The sliding filament theory of a muscle contraction begins. When myosin binds to actin it pulls toward the m-line this is the power stroke. Once myosin head if flexed, ATP binding site is exposed and ATP binds to the head. Every exclusive myosin head that attaches to actin has to have ATP.Now the myos in head detaches from actin binding sites in result of ATP binding. Energy from ATP returns the myosin head to cocked forward position and now attaches to a bleak binding site on actin. Ca++ is then removed from troponin and changes shape allowing tropomyosin to cover myosin binding sites on actin. ATP is required to assist with the active transport of Ca++ to the SR. This process is considered the contraction and is repeated over and over as long as ATP and Ca++ are available.

Human motivation in the professional setting Essay

Consider these two findings of a classical management experiment by David McClelland on developing achievement motivation (1965) 1) Not either management programs automatically lead to improved performance. This was important to know. T here(predicate) is a viewpoint in psychology which states that the positive exertions of such courses are largely due to suggestion, or to the power of positive thinking and according to this view it would not be achievement motivation training as such that produced the effect we secured any training promoted as convincingly would work as well.Yet the musicians in the company course did not do as well, despite the situation that, if anything, it had a more solid company support all of which argued against this viewpoint. 2) Our experiment showed its effects plainly in comparison with a course that seemed to slow nation down. This strongly suggested that we ought to be trying it in a less achievement-oriented environment if we wanted to find m ore dramatic effects. To a certain extent we were only gilding the lily in trying to make the executives of this high-pressure firm more achievement-oriented.Citing psychology as basis, let me leave McClellands assertions and get to that field of genial science. We know that motivation directs behavior towards a particular incentive that produces pleasure or alleviates an unpleasant state. In other words, incentive motivation is characterized by affect, the performance of pleasure or displeasure. Early psychologists argued that almost every sensation we have contains some degree of reward or displeasure. This might explain why the newfound participants in the McClelland experiments fared well and better than those who were originally from the company.The second point of conclusion explains that the original company participants were already used to the environment and the rigors of the experiment provided an additional fight back to the already rigorous environment. merciful Mo tivation in the Human Setting Page 2 In addition to this, it will be worthwhile to receive another answer to the perennial question How do you install a generator in an employee? A brief review of Herzbergs Motivation-Hygiene theory of traffic attitudes is required before theoretical and practical suggestions can be offered.The findings of those experiments and studies, along with the corroboration from many other investigations using different procedures, suggest that the factors involved in producing chisel happiness (and motivation) are separate and distinct from the factors that lead to job dissatisfaction. Since separate factors need to be considered, depending on whether job satisfaction or job dissatisfaction is being examined, it follows that these two feelings are not opposites of each other.The opposite of job satisfaction is not job dissatisfaction, but rather no job satisfaction and similarly, the opposite of job dissatisfaction is not job satisfaction, but no job di ssatisfaction. Two prepares of different demand of man are involved here. One establish of needs can be thought as stemming from his animal nature the built-in drive to avoid pain from the environment, plus all the learned drives which expire conditioned to the basic bio crystal clear needs.For example, hunger, a basic biological drive, makes it necessary to earn money, and then money becomes a specific drive. The other set of needs relates to that unique human characteristic, the ability to achieve and, through achievement, to experience psychological growth. The stimuli for the growth needs are tasks that induce growth in the industrial setting, they are the job content. Contrariwise, the stimuli inducing pain-avoidance behavior are found in the job environment.To illustrate, a typical response involving achievement that had a negative effect for the employee was, I was un ingenious because I didnt do the job successfully. A typical response in the positive side, on the othe r hand was, I was happy because the company reorganized the section so that I didnt report any longer to the guy I didnt go along with. Human Motivation in the Human Setting Page 3 What then should the manager do? To answer this question, let me get back to the thesis of McClelland (1965).He outlines four major techniques 1. Goal Setting McClelland stresses the involvement of considerable goal setting. In an organization, employees get motivated as they come to embrace the same goals set in the organization. Aside from the function of motivation, it also keeps the people intact and together. Goals can then be developed from the general to the specific. 2. Language of achievement the point here is to develop the achievement syndrome. This part, says McClelland deals specifically with having the individual learn to think, talk, act, and perceive others like a person with a high achievement motiveIn short, the participant learns to use the language of achievement so that it colors h is experience in every day life. 3. Cognitive Supports In brief, the employee needs to have a logical environment, a good self-image, and a thing that he/she will value for life.These will motivate a person to perform better. 4.and lastly, Group Supports the people nigh the person must provide emotional stability and support for the growth of a person. Respect and acceptability is the key for this last facet. Human Motivation in the Human Setting.BIBLIOGRAPHY Baldwin, C. (1966). The Functions of the Executive. Cambridge, Harvard University Press. Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Preface to Motivation Theory Psychosomat. Med. Vol. 5 McClelland, D. C. (1965). Achievement Motivation can be Developed Harvard Business Review. Harvard College.

Lev Vygotsky

Down through the years psychologists and individuals involved in education have haveed and investigated different theories ab step to the fore how tikeren learn. To understand how children receive and implement information is of great value to parents, teachers and indeed society in general as the children of today are tomorrows adults and our society will not develop if our children gagenot learn effectively. In this essay I will discuss the theories of Lev Vygotsky as I believe his work has become the foundation for a cumulation of our modern day theories and concepts in regard to a childs cognitive breeding.Lev Vygotsky was born in Russia in 1896 during the Russian Revolution and his works merely came to the attention of the western world when they were published in 1962. Vygotsky died quite young and a lot of his research was unfinished however his work was continued by his students and followers alike. Vygotskys theory of Socio- heathenish or Social Development as it is a lso known was the building block for the concepts and stratagies now used in our pre-schools and schools today. Unlike Piaget who believed that development preceeds learning, Vygotsky believed that to develop, a child must learn first.He rightly believed that the close to effective learning comes from a childs social interaction in society and the cultural they are reared in. Social factors and culture contribute to a childs cognitive development. Vygotsky believed that society gave a child various cultural tools which enabled learning, language being one of the most important. Language is the primary form of interaction and through language a child can communicate thoughts, emotions, opinions and ideas and develop friendships.A childs level of language skills can and most likely will effect all other aspects of their development both in person and academically. Through my research I see that Vygotskys concept, the zone of proximal development, which is Vygotskys term for the range of labors too difficult for children to master alone but which can be learned with the guidance and asistance of adults or more skilled chilren, is widely used today in learning institutions worldwide, its concept is used in most subjects and used very effectively with a broad spectrum of students, ranging from disadvantaged, special needs, and gifted students to adults.Within this concept Vygotsky talks about Scaffolding which basically means ever-changing the level of support as the student becomes more capable in a task or subject. Another concept which is interlinked with the above is The More educated Other (MKO). The MKO refers to anyone who has a fall apart understanding or a greater ability than the student, in respect to a particular task or concept.The MKO is unremarkably thought of as being a teacher, coach, or older adult, but the MKO could also be peers, a younger person, or even computers. As I read and study these concepts I can clearly see their incorporation i nto our education system today compared to when I was a child starting out in school forty years ago. Although systems where evolving gradually, there were very different opinions and methods in place regarding education.Lev VygotskyLev Vygotsky (November 17, 1896 June 11, 1394) was a Russian psychologist. Vygotsky was a pioneering psychologist and his major works baffle six separate volumes, written over roughly 10 years, from Psychology of Art (1925) to Thought and Language or Thinking and Speech (1934). Vygotskys interests in the fields of developmental psychology, child development, and education were extremely diverse. Vygotskys theories stress the fundamental role of social interaction in the development of cognition Vygotsky, 1978), as he believed strongly that community plays a central role in the suffice of making meaning. He argued, learning is a necessary and universal aspect of the process of developing culturally organized, specifically human mental function (Vygots ky 1978, p. 90). Vygotskys theory differs from Piaget in three different ways. 1. Social interaction plays a fundamental role in the process of cognitive development. In contrast to Jean Piagets understanding of child development, Vygotsky felt social learning precedes development. 2.The more knowledgeable other refers to anyone who has a better understanding or a high Ability level than the learner, with respects to a particular task, process, or concept. MKOs Can be peers, a younger person, teachers, coaches, older adult, or even computers. 3. The zone of proximal development is the distance between a students ability to perform a task under adult guidance and/or with peer collaboration. It is also the students ability to solve problems independently. According to Vygotsky, humans use tools that develop from a culture, such as speech and writing, to mediate their social environments.Initially children develop these tools to serve solely as social functions, ways to communicate ne eds. Vygotsky believed that the internalization of these tools led to higher thinking skills. (http//www. learning-theories. com/vygotskys-social-learning-theory. html) In modern day terms, Vygotsky would be a facilitator. Teachers and students collaborate in learning and practing four key skills (summarize, question, clarify, and predict). Teaching and learning is a both way street. You have to be able to interact with the student.This simply means you have to know your student. Teachers have to know where their students are educationally to get them to get to the next level. Then we have to cater our teaching to meet the needs of the learners. I believe that a teacher must be able to stir to their student. For example, a teacher that had both parents that is wealthy. That teacher shouldnt expect his/her students to behave as he/she did as a student at that age. You have to work that there are differences and make accommodations.A child from a wealthy billet and a child from a single parent working class home cant be taught using the same method. The backgrounds are too different. References Vygotsky, L. S. (1962). Thought and Language. Cambridge MA MIT Press. Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA Harvard University Press. McLeod, S. A. (2007). Vygotsky Social Development Theory. Retrieved from http//www. simplypsychology. org/vygotsky. html http//www. learning-theories. com/vygotskys-social-learning-theory. html

The Namesake

Cultural traditions, migration, family and identity argon issues which emerge throughout the new The Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri. How ache motley literary techniques been use to show that these issues play a major role in an individual experiencing a signified of be or non belong. It is plain that a number of issues can peachyly tint a mortals sense of belonging in particular psycheal hears and cultural background.Throughout Jhumpa Lahiris novel The Namesake a number of these issues emerge and have been presented to play a major role in an individual discovering their consecutive identity while at the same time experiencing a sense of belonging or non belonging. A range of various literary techniques including intertextuality, ideas and juxtaposition have been utilised throughout the novel to embellish the factors that influence a persons sense of belonging and in some cases a persons sense of isolation.The reference to the hapless news report The overcoat written by Ashokes popular author Nikolai Gogol has been used as both a motif and a form of intertextuality throughout the novel. The overcoat is initiatory mentioned in chapter one when Ashoke recalls his contiguous terminal experience in a insure accident. It is believed that because Ashoke was clutching the pages of The overcoating in his hand that he was set up among the wreckage of the train and reborn.This personal experience played an master(prenominal) role in shaping Ashokes identity which in turn allowed him to develop a great sense of adventure which enabled him to travel to a stain far away from his own and be Born twice in India and once in the States. It can also be suggested that this personal experience influenced Ashokes ability to experience a strong sense of belonging wherever he goes. The Overcoat is again mentioned numerous times throughout the novel mainly in relation to Gogol Gangulis personal sense of belonging.Gogols accountsake is in fact Nikolai Gogol and it was the short story which had influenced the naming of Baby boy Ganguli. Although in that respect is no connection between Gogol Ganguli and Nikolai Gogol, Gangulis sense of belonging is greatly affected by Nikolais own identity. Gogol Ganguli feels that he must live harmonise to his namesake who was considered insane and this concurrently creates a sense of disconnection wi lissom Gogol during his high school years. After discovering the true meaning of his name, Gogol asks his father if he thinks of the night he almost died whenever he thinks of him Is that what you think of when you think of me? , Do I remind you of that night? , to which his father reassures him that he does not. However because of this Gogol forms a sense of isolation and herb of grace towards his father while simultaneously realising the importance of life and family.This sense of isolation is then contrasted to the sense of belonging that is developed later in the novel when Gogol Ganguli changes h is name to Nikhil Ganguli in order to gain acceptance and a stronger sense of belonging within the American community.The Overcoat is also a motif that is used to act the importance of identity and personal experience and the role these cardinal factors play in securing a persons sense of belonging or not belonging. It is evident throughout the novel that there are a number of motifs used that represent issues touch the main character and his family. The first of these motifs is macrocosmifested on the first pages of the novel where Ashima is said to be making a concoction of Rice Krispies and Planters Peanuts and chopped red onion plant in a bowl to which she adds salt, lemon juice, thin slices of green chili peppers.It is said that this snack created by Ashima is a humble approximation of the snack that is exchange for pennies on Calcutta sidewalks and railway platforms throughout India. This feed motif punctuate the isolation that Ashima is currently experiencing as a resul t of her recent migration to a land contradictory to her, America. Although Ashimas craving of the snack commonly found in Calcutta emphasises her disconnection and isolation from her homeland, this sense of isolation is eventually replaced with belonging as her community of Bengali friends begins to grow later in the novel.Later the food motif is once again made evident through the fiting and sharing of traditional Bengali food between the Gangulis and other Bengali families. These take place references to traditional Bengali foods reinforces the idea that migration, cultural background and traditions plays a major role in creating a sense of disconnection and eventual belonging. Similarly trains are a key motif within the novel and are first introduced in hapter two when Ashoke recalls his near death experience in a horrid train accident which did physically immobilize him momentarily but eventually acted as source of emancipation and crucial motive in his want for a better l ife away from his homeland. The motif of the train is then manifested when Ashima gains independence for the first time when move it alone, although she is alone Ashima feels a sense of belonging to the American community to which she flat belongs to. This event is eventually contrasted to her leaving behind presents she bought for her deceased father on the train.Because of this Ashima now creates a great sense of loss as well as disconnection from her homeland, civilization and family. For Gogol the train acts as a setting for which his most alpha relationships have been established in turn providing him with a sense of belonging. This sense of belonging is then contrasted to the sense of disconnection and hurt he later experiences when he discovers the affair between his wife Moushimi and another man whilst on a train. The key motif of the train within The Namesake can be seen as a symbol for change and advancing.This motif is also used to express how personal experiences and relationships can greatly affect a persons identity and in turn influence their sense of belonging or isolation. The use of juxtaposition throughout the novel The Namesake to contrast each characters sense of belonging. It is also used to emphasise the affect cultural traditions, migration, family and identity have on a persons sense of belonging. The American culture is greatly contrasted to the traditional Bengali culture to which the Gangulis belong to. The two cultures are vastly different in many aspects of life including food, morals and family simply to name a few.The Gangulis diaspora from Calcutta has resulted in their sense of disconnection and isolation from society as well as from their family back home. Their lifestyle back home within the Bengali culture has been greatly compared to the lifestyle which they now live in America. juxtaposition has also been used throughout the novel to contrast the different identities in which the characters have. It can be detect th at Ashoke has a rather strong sense of identity as does Sonia, however Ashima can be viewed as a person who is torn between two worlds whilst Gogols dentity is rather confused. From this it can be gather that each characters identity shapes their sense of belonging and this is once again reiterated through the use of juxtaposition. By utilising literary techniques including intertextuality, motifs and juxtaposition Jhumpa Lahiri has successfully addressed issues such as cultural traditions, migration, family and identity while concurrently demonstrating how such issues play a major role on influencing a persons sense of belonging or not belonging.It is palpable to acknowledge the fact that personal experiences, relationships, time and cultural traditions play an cardinal role in shaping a persons personal identity that can in turn influence a persons sense of belonging and in some cases not belonging. By using the previously mentioned literary techniques, Jhumpa Lahiri has effectiv ely represented this idea in her award taking novel The Namesake.The NamesakeCultural traditions, migration, family and identity are issues which emerge throughout the novel The Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri. How have various literary techniques been used to show that these issues play a major role in an individual experiencing a sense of belonging or not belonging. It is evident that a number of issues can greatly affect a persons sense of belonging in particular personal experiences and cultural background.Throughout Jhumpa Lahiris novel The Namesake a number of these issues emerge and have been presented to play a major role in an individual discovering their true identity while concurrently experiencing a sense of belonging or not belonging. A range of various literary techniques including intertextuality, motifs and juxtaposition have been utilised throughout the novel to illustrate the factors that influence a persons sense of belonging and in some cases a persons sense of isolat ion.The reference to the short story The Overcoat written by Ashokes favourite author Nikolai Gogol has been used as both a motif and a form of intertextuality throughout the novel. The Overcoat is first mentioned in chapter one when Ashoke recalls his near death experience in a train accident. It is believed that because Ashoke was clutching the pages of The Overcoat in his hand that he was found among the wreckage of the train and reborn.This personal experience played an important role in shaping Ashokes identity which in turn allowed him to develop a great sense of adventure which enabled him to travel to a land far away from his own and be Born twice in India and once in America. It can also be suggested that this personal experience influenced Ashokes ability to experience a strong sense of belonging wherever he goes. The Overcoat is again mentioned numerous times throughout the novel mainly in relation to Gogol Gangulis personal sense of belonging.Gogols namesake is in fact N ikolai Gogol and it was the short story which had influenced the naming of Baby boy Ganguli. Although there is no connection between Gogol Ganguli and Nikolai Gogol, Gangulis sense of belonging is greatly affected by Nikolais own identity. Gogol Ganguli feels that he must live according to his namesake who was considered insane and this concurrently creates a sense of disconnection within Gogol during his high school years. After discovering the true meaning of his name, Gogol asks his father if he thinks of the night he almost died whenever he thinks of him Is that what you think of when you think of me? , Do I remind you of that night? , to which his father reassures him that he does not. However because of this Gogol forms a sense of isolation and regret towards his father while simultaneously realising the importance of life and family.This sense of isolation is then contrasted to the sense of belonging that is developed later in the novel when Gogol Ganguli changes his name to Nikhil Ganguli in order to gain acceptance and a stronger sense of belonging within the American community.The Overcoat is also a motif that is used to symbolise the importance of identity and personal experience and the role these two factors play in securing a persons sense of belonging or not belonging. It is evident throughout the novel that there are a number of motifs used that represent issues surrounding the main character and his family. The first of these motifs is manifested on the first pages of the novel where Ashima is said to be making a concoction of Rice Krispies and Planters Peanuts and chopped red onion in a bowl to which she adds salt, lemon juice, thin slices of green chili peppers.It is said that this snack created by Ashima is a humble approximation of the snack that is sold for pennies on Calcutta sidewalks and railway platforms throughout India. This food motif emphasise the isolation that Ashima is currently experiencing as a result of her recent migration to a land foreign to her, America. Although Ashimas craving of the snack commonly found in Calcutta emphasises her disconnection and isolation from her homeland, this sense of isolation is eventually replaced with belonging as her community of Bengali friends begins to grow later in the novel.Later the food motif is once again made evident through the gathering and sharing of traditional Bengali food between the Gangulis and other Bengali families. These recurring references to traditional Bengali foods reinforces the idea that migration, cultural background and traditions plays a major role in creating a sense of disconnection and eventual belonging. Similarly trains are a key motif within the novel and are first introduced in hapter two when Ashoke recalls his near death experience in a horrific train accident which did physically immobilize him momentarily but eventually acted as source of independence and crucial motive in his want for a better life away from his homeland. The motif of the train is then manifested when Ashima gains independence for the first time when riding it alone, although she is alone Ashima feels a sense of belonging to the American community to which she now belongs to. This event is eventually contrasted to her leaving behind presents she bought for her deceased father on the train.Because of this Ashima now creates a great sense of loss as well as disconnection from her homeland, culture and family. For Gogol the train acts as a setting for which his most important relationships have been established in turn providing him with a sense of belonging. This sense of belonging is then contrasted to the sense of disconnection and hurt he later experiences when he discovers the affair between his wife Moushimi and another man whilst on a train. The key motif of the train within The Namesake can be seen as a symbol for change and advancing.This motif is also used to express how personal experiences and relationships can greatly affect a persons identity and in turn influence their sense of belonging or isolation. The use of juxtaposition throughout the novel The Namesake to contrast each characters sense of belonging. It is also used to emphasise the affect cultural traditions, migration, family and identity have on a persons sense of belonging. The American culture is greatly contrasted to the traditional Bengali culture to which the Gangulis belong to. The two cultures are vastly different in many aspects of life including food, morals and family simply to name a few.The Gangulis diaspora from Calcutta has resulted in their sense of disconnection and isolation from society as well as from their family back home. Their lifestyle back home within the Bengali culture has been greatly compared to the lifestyle which they now live in America. Juxtaposition has also been used throughout the novel to contrast the different identities in which the characters have. It can be noticed that Ashoke has a rather strong sense o f identity as does Sonia, however Ashima can be viewed as a person who is torn between two worlds whilst Gogols dentity is rather confused. From this it can be gather that each characters identity shapes their sense of belonging and this is once again reiterated through the use of juxtaposition. By utilising literary techniques including intertextuality, motifs and juxtaposition Jhumpa Lahiri has successfully addressed issues such as cultural traditions, migration, family and identity while concurrently demonstrating how such issues play a major role on influencing a persons sense of belonging or not belonging.It is palpable to acknowledge the fact that personal experiences, relationships, time and cultural traditions play an important role in shaping a persons personal identity that can in turn influence a persons sense of belonging and in some cases not belonging. By using the previously mentioned literary techniques, Jhumpa Lahiri has effectively represented this idea in her awar d winning novel The Namesake.

Theological Foundations and the Liberal Artss

Theological Foundations and the Liberal Arts Existence precedes essence. Holmes, 3. The exsistence of military personnel is valuable. We atomic number 18 here to fulfill what paragon has promised us. . A person is broody thinking being. youtube. com,3We must look inside ones self to know the truth of what God has planned for you, and looking outside yourself to make things totally. saviorianity should be a part of deportment. Creation, the human person, truth and the cultural mandate are foundations of a Christian education.All creations are good because God has created anything and everything is perfect. The Christian college focuses on Gods creation of everything because all things are made by God. The human person is meant to serve God in every capacity in life and in education. That God mad us in His own image reminds us that in a vast universe that reflects Gods glory, humans are uniquely crowned with glory and honor. Holmes, 15. Everything we do as humans should be a reflection of God. All truths are all Gods truth, wherever it is found. Holmes, 17 If it is true in any subject then it is Gods truth. Learning and reasoning is meant to merge with Gods truth. Our role is to be ambassadors of Christ . Gnosticism doesnt exist. Everyone had the power to know all. Lines between secular and sacred are nonexistence in a Christian. Secular colleges focus of education only. Secular colleges are only institutes for education. The rarely focus religion and are not faith establish. Liberal educations at Christian colleges intermingle faith and education in every aspect of our lives.Ones entire self should be bettered in learning. Is the idea of a Christian college, then, simply to offer a good education rundown biblical studies in an atmosphere of piety? Holmes, 5 Caricatures of Christian college are often assumed to be a good education with prayer and script study. Church or minister training is not a sole function. A distinctive Christian college integra tes faith and learning. Every academic, sport, and extracurricular activity is based faith.Christian colleges take the act of learning and characteristics of faith and put them together. Christian colleges seek not compartmentalize aspects of Christian faith, but incorporate Christianity as a whole in student circle, training students to see all aspects of life as a Christian. There is no separation of faith and education. Liberal educations reinforce harbor of things and correctly places value upon things. To be reflective is to be analytic. Holmes, 30. All that we are and do is to serve and reflect God. This is the purpose of our reflective value.

A Talk About Oral English Teaching Problems and Solutions Essay

As a result, verbalise language becomes more and more important. Nowadays, almost everyone knows the importance of learning incline, it is taught as a dogmatic subject at elementary school, secondary school and university in china. A lot of people use up that vocabulary is the key to learning English, so they prefer to memorize words as many as possible. It is true that one can buoynot communicate effectively or express his ideas in both oral and compose forms without a sufficient vocabulary. However, we all know that the effect of learning language is marked by the students converse ability.There is a phenomenon which we called Dumb English in China, which means a large number of students can only read and write instead of speaking. Although vocabulary is an indispensable element in learning distant language, a more important one is how to speak that language out. However, after several years of learning, students verbalise English is also poor. They cannot express their t houghts in English in daily life. They are afraid of communicating with native speakers in English. Whats worse. They even cannot figure out what others say in English.Why did these phenomenons turn over? Three reasons are introduced. The first one is that there are still many problems existing in spoken English teaching, such as absence of English learning environment, the Grammar-Translation Methods, and teachers paying much solicitude to vocabulary and grammar. The second one is the subjective reason students are afraid of speaking English. They are stir of being laughed at by others if they say something wrong. There is a saying Practice makes perfect. They are want of practice, so their spoken English is poor.The third one is the objective reason, for example, the non-English environment, the different culture between China and western countries. This paper will only focus on the problems existing in spoken English teaching in High school and suggests some teaching strateg ies to deal with these problems to help improve students spoken English and communicative competence. Theoretical Framework 1 1. 1 The requirements of the New English class specimen The overall aim of the New English Curriculum Standard is to develop students overall language ability. much(prenominal) abilities are grounded in the development of language skills, language knowledge, affects, cultural awareness and learning strategies. Language skills take on listening, speaking, reading and writing. And the requirements of speaking skills in junior high school advocate what students can do in the speaking process as following listed the third level requires students can tell some uncomplicated and short stories. The fourth level requires students can use simple words to describe his own or others experiences with the teachers help. And the fifth level requires students can exchange ideas and complete tasks corporately. New English Curriculum Standard,2001). It has six designing p rinciples Firstly, it aims for educating all students, and emphasizes quality-oriented education. Secondly, it promotes learner-centeredness, and respects individual differences.

Comparison/Contrast Essay

Comparison/Contrast audition Although two Clarice Lispectors The Smallest Woman in the World and Gabriel Garcia Marquezs The Hand aroundst Drowned Man in the World are magic realist stories showing the extreme sizings of two the great unwashed, the stories depict differently how a society can react to a genuine type of soulfulness. Through scenery and material description, the authors show that different types of people can be go to bed or hated by a society. Marquezs text starts off with children watch outing a large existence in the water.The children think it was an enemy ship which can prove that the large size of a person can be very intimidating at first. Opposite to Marquezs text, in Lispectors text, the smallest woman is greeted with friendliness, she was immediately named by the French explorer. This can prove that the small size of the woman can be rendern as little intimidating than a larger person. However, in both stories, the characters are suddenly treated d ifferently in one case they have been displayed to a larger crowd.Once the seaweed is removed from the drowned man, the children start to play with the man and are less hydrophobic(predicate) of him. Also once the woman of the village confabulate the man, they seem to fall madly in love with him. They treat him almost like a god. In contrast, in Lispectors text the people that read the hold about the smallest woman in the world, they seem to dislike the idea of her size. The townspeople want her to be their striver or their toy. I think that the difference in size can be seen in both a literal and figurative sense.Literally the large size of the man is what the woman see as a physical appeal to them while the small size of the woman is seen more a creepy or strange aspect of her appearance. However, I as well as believe that the size of the characters is used as symbolism. For example, we can see that the large size of the man could represent authority and power and this may be why the manpower of the village feel intimidated my him. It could also show that he is powerful or strong. The womans small size could be seen as weak or young.It also can be compared to a lack of splendour or lack of influence. In the story we see that even the kids dont seem to respect her. The characters race also has a role on the societies views. For example, they describe the woman as being a as bleak as a monkey, describing how she may be animal-like or treated as a beast. They see her as a primitive being. The fact that she is black may also be why some of the people in France dont seem to respect her. Throughout history black people have been laden which is a theme the author added in.In Marquezs text, the fact that the woman named the man as if they knew him, indicates that he was most probable of the same race as them. This is a fact that should be considered in why they feel a close bond with him. The authors also use setting to explain how the magical characters a re treated. We can see that the man found from the ocean was treated better than the woman who was found in a risky part of an African forest. The woman of the town describe Esteban as most peaceful man on earth in which we can find similarities with how we describe the sea.Many people think of the sea to also be peaceful or serene, which is where the drowned man came from. On the contrary, the woman was treated in a negative way of life which could be partially because of where she came from. The woman came from the depths of a jungle. This can be seen as a blue and mysterious place which may insinuate why the people that read about her seem afraid or dislike her. Another difference between settings in the story is that in Marquezs text, the town where the people discover the man seems to be a small village which isnt the fact in Lispectors text, which is the country of France.Perhaps the authors were nerve-racking to show that people that grow up in bigger towns have more o f a colorful view on the outside world while people that grow up in smaller cities are more open minded, which would explain the different views on the characters in the story. In conclusion, Lispectors The Smallest Woman in the World and Gabriel Garcia Marquezs The Handsomest Drowned Man in the World show how magic realist text are used to toil the boundaries of fiction while explaining worldly views. Although both story depicts a magical characters life, they show through physical description and setting that people can be treated differently.

Discussing psychologist perspectives and their use Essay

Cognitive- This advancement is portrayed by two theorists Jean Piaget and George Kelly. This perspective refers to age-related changes in friendship and acts of knowing plus understanding. Research shows that this approach is the best treatment practised for almost e precise wholeness disorder, a nonher positive point to this perspective is that its really quick with lasting changes it also helps mint become more confident and boost people with learning difficulties self-esteem. Its also very light-colored and works for a majority of people.The opposes to this perspective are that it can be seen as non-person centred, its not effective for lower functioning clients, and any(prenominal) clinicians feel that it doesnt address other issues. This can be used in health and social care through helping individuals who misread situations, as this approach mainly helps people with learning difficulties so it can help certain individuals come to terms with some irrational thoughts they may confirm. Biological- This perspective is about the view of nature that focuses on the way behaviour and personality are influenced by neuro-anatomy, biochemistry, genetics or evolution.This perspective also helps people understand how and why we have a certain diseases. The positives to this approach the more we know about the brain, the more we should be able to develop how we operate and to understand what makes us tick. Also the main strength to the biological approach is that chemotherapy, electroconvulsive therapy and psychosurgery can be used to treat the symptoms of abnormal behaviour directly and in a very short time. The negatives to this approach are the risk of side effects- e. g. in case of chemotherapy there is the risk that patients may become psychologically and physically dependent on the drugs involved.Symptoms often recur when the treatment stops, so more patients have to be re-admitted to hospital. It also raises serious ethical issues. Other things peopl e look upon as negative is the fact that its hard to determine the extent to which genetic inheritance influences behaviour. This perspective can be used in health and social care through the use of developmental norms, this means reservation sure that a young child is developing properly, so that their behaviour and understanding matches that if their chronological age.

Nature of Tragedy

For numerous centuries the tragedy holds to continue to be perceived as the most ardently gratifying arrangement of fun because it encompasses the capability of transporting the spectator into the drama as pointednessspring as allowing them to empathize with the characters, particularly the tragic hero. The get a line noted above regarding tragedy was shaped by the Greek philosopher, Aristotle. Aristotle also noted that the tragic daub is imperative in the characteristic of the protagonist and the proceedings that transpire in the piece are a manifestation of that flaw (The Poetics by Aristotle XIII. ). This philosophy of the tragic hero can be located in both Charles train Doren in Quiz Show and Shakespeares character, Othello, in his cheer Othello. It is the characters prominence and faults as well as their ability to acquire their audiences compassion in which label them tragic heroes. Charles Van Doren in Robert Redfords Quiz Show possesses an existence in which numerous souls would envy.His affiliation with being one of the countrys exceedingly knowledgeable and esteemed families (his produce labeled an eminent professor at Columbia University as well as a Pulitzer-prize awarded poet, his uncle defined as a ren delivered historian, and his mother being a recognise author possessing multiple acknowledged works of literature) is the first step to his being a tragic hero. Charles attempts to posterior his fathers achievements as he labors as a mentor at Columbia training to conquest for his father when he retires.Alas, Van Doren believes that he falls short in character in comparison to his family in terms of success. At this moment in time, he judges that he should view achieved a fitting amount to the extent that people would not interpretk to refer to him as the son but quite refer to him by his own identity. Van Doren evidently does not recognize how privileged his existence is in contrast to the majority of Americas citizens that he rema ins far more triumphant than whatever of them could ever achieve.It is this self-doubt and catastrophic fault that entrust eventually direct him to his expiration as an delineation doneout the progression of the film. When the ability to sour a possible contender on Twenty-One displays itself, Van Doren observes it as a chance for him to finally receive recognition in his family this opportunity puts him into a government agency where he is forced to evaluate his ethics. Enright and Freedman shatter Van Dorens moral standards by stating that they should displace him in the show and provide him with the questions that he previously knows.Van Doren mechanically recognizes that this suggestion is immoral that it is eventually dishonourable. A significant defining moment of the film is when Van Doren encounters a crisis whether to state the answer to a question he was arranged to be asked or to answer the question inaccurately and preserve his veracity. though Van Doren clearly faces a struggle within himself, he ultimately chooses the recognition and fortune that will derive from his victory on the show.The awareness he acquires from his presence on the Today Show causes it to become effortless for him to validate his verdict. The fall of Van Doren becomes apparent when Congressional investigator, Dick Goodwin, comes to New York City to wonder the quiz show after reading a piece near how Stempel attempted to acquire a trial regarding the cheating taking place on the show. After much investigation, Van Dorens fraud is discovered causing his divine facade to perish along with the name he has created for himself.The enthralled audiences more or less the country, once desiring to be a part of the marvel Twenty One deceitfully was, now see Van Dorens infamy and view him as nothing but a deceitful kind-hearted being. His name, as well as his honour, is demolished because of his disillusionments and his desire to create an identity for himself. Aristotles a nalysis of what makes a tragic hero is greatly demonstrated in Charles Van Dorens story represented in Quiz Show because he was of such a high rank in society and it was his tragic flaw of insecurity and lust for fame that initiated his downfall.Othello can be qualified to be one of Shakespeares unconditional tragedies because it shadows the procedures established by Aristotles Poetics. Othellos prestige (that of a dark, tall, African Moor), joined with his particular charisma, back up him in achieving the admiration and loyalty of the Venetian people and senators. Othello, subsisting as a soldier for a capacious interval of his life, is viewed as an exceptionally honourable gentleman. His status as a governor-general itself displays an aura of aristocracy, poise, and potency.The identity portrays soul who is sustained in tremendously high reverence by the people of Venice. In addition to him exhibiting enounce characteristics and courage, Othello also exhibits pride. He retain s his composure during the initial confrontation with the senators when he is accused of witchcraft when Desdemonas father faces Othello around his courting his daughter Most potent, grave, and reverend signiors,/ My very noble and approved good masters,/ That I have taen away this old mans daughter,/ It is most true.True, I have married her. / The very head and front of my offending/ Hath this extent, no more, ( I. iii. 76-81). Though Iago is the venomous serpent of the play, it is Othellos tragic faults of gullibility and enviously that convert him from an aristocrat into a venomous creature himself, which inescapably carriages him to his demise. Although Iago fuels the fire that is Othellos jealously through his tactics of manipulation, Othellos unfeasible train of thought must be analyzed to substantiate Aristotles definition of a tragic hero.This defect ultimately directs him to his disgrace the murder of his devoted wife, Desdemona, and himself. Before Othello kills himself, he acknowledges his fault in murdering his beloved wife besides that in Aleppo once,/ Where a malignant and a turbaned Turk/ Beat a Venetian and traduced the state,/ I took by the throat the circumcised dog,/ And smote him, thus, (V. ii. 352-56). his also entails of his assassination of the monstrosity that he was bred to be.Othellos monologue proclaims that it is not the real Othello who is dying, but rather the turbanned Turk in which he was spawned. As the play unravels the viewers resonant benevolence towards the tragic hero, as well as distress for their own lives, as the final scene the incidents leaves its mark on the stage just as Aristotle predicted. Defined, a tragedy illustrates a tale that features the collapse of a protagonist.Customarily, the protagonist demonstrates upper berth class attributes or derives form an upper class institute and is encountered with an antagonizing episode, whether it is external or internal, which thus causes the protagonists downfall. Thi s fall, according to Aristotle, should come about as the result, not of vice, but of some great error or frailty in a character. A plot such as this is liable to breed empathy and apprehension into the audience, for pity is aroused by unmerited misfortune, fear by the misfortune of a man like ourselves, (The Poetics by Aristotle XIII).This smell exemplifies an aspect of tragedy in which several productions are centered, including Robert Redfords film Quiz Show found on the fall of Charles Van Doren and Shakespeares Othello. It is Charless lust for fame to seek his fathers adulation in which triggers his downfall, and it is Othellos gullibility and jealousy in which initiates his. Allied with the characters individual incentives, the cause-and-effect sequence of proceedings is crafted, generating pity and anxiety in the audience.

Stress Of Working Women Health And Social Care Essay

The term review of literature refers to the activities involve in placing and seeking for information on a report and developing an apprehension of the duty of science of the subject. This term is besides employ to denominate a written sum-up of the nation of art on a research job. The research worker carried bug out an extended reappraisal of literature on the research subject in order to derive deeper penetration into the job every sting good as to arena up maximal relevant information for constructing up the reexamine. This was accomplished by utilizing MEDLINE, cyberspace, and study of the latest diaries and books.The reappraisal of literature is organized under the undermenti iodind headers2.1 Prevalence and Causes of Stress of working giving females.2.2 Surveies related to import of symphony therapy in decrease of dialect.2.1. Prevalence and Causes of Stress among Working Womans A cross-sectional population keep up was conducted to survey the prevalence of work-r elated emphasis and its companionship with self-perceived wellness and sick-leave in a population of working large females in Swedish. altogether 424 working adult females were participated. playacting area revealed that 10 % of the assemblage reported high perceive emphasis due to indistinct organisation and struggles, and 25 % high perceived emphasis due to mavin demands and committedness and 33 % reported work intervention with leisure clip. All classs of overall work-related emphasis were importantly associated with increased odds of high degree of unwellness symptoms, with the highest peckish ratio for high sensed emphasis due to indistinct organisation and struggles and high perceived emphasis due to single demands and committedness with an uneven ratio of 3.17 ( CI = 1.51-6.62 ) and 4.53 ( CI = 2.71-7.56 ) severally. High perceived emphasis due to indistinct organisation and struggles and rugged influence at work were significantly associated with sick-leave with an uneven ratio of 3.85 ( CI = 1.59-9.30 ) and 2.54 ( CI = 1.17-5.48 ) severally. This survey showed an association betwixt work-related emphasis and unwellness symptoms and sick-leave ( Holmgrane, K. , 2009 ) .A study was conducted to place the Gender differences in emphasis among doctors. alone 1414 doctors participated ( Male Female 107107 ) Consequence showed that female doctors more frequently puzzle stressors in relation to their on the job life. It was besides shown that female doctor had more than twice the hazard of being stressed on a day-to-day footing compared to male doctor ( H body politicve, M. , 2007 ) .A survey was conducted to place the psychological and physiological factors doing emphasis among working and non-working adult females from Ludhiana metropolis. Data was collected from 75 working and 75 non -working adult females. Consequences revealed that common factors of emphasis in two classs were unfinished undertakings, irresistible impulse of making disl iked activities, decease of squiffy comparative, improper slumber. In working adult females, stressors were pleasing others ( average score 0.92 ) and overburden of work ( 1.04 ) , whereas in non- on the job adult females stressors were wrong on the job position ( 0.97 ) and non engagement in decision-making by household ( 1.02 ) . This survey showed that working adult females were more stressed as compared to non working adult females ( Harshpinder, 2006 ) .A survey was conducted to happen out the causative factors for emphasis and different emphasis committal technique used by working and non working adult females of Ludhiana. leaves showed that workingwomen were significantly more stressed. Highest-ranking societal force per social unit area was unexpected invitees followed by compulsory socialisation as disclosed by both the concourses. All the topics hold that hubby s emphasis was besides the major factor lending to their ain emphasis followed by emphasis due to a lteration of their personal ends. Main emphasis point related to their kids s time to come was besides agreed upon by both the concourseings of topics. Majority of respondents were used practice of medicine, tranquillity, supplications as a stress direction technique ( Aujla, P. , 2004 ) .A longitudinal survey was conducted to analyse how increasing demands from work and household life run into the degree of strain and whether there are any of the essence(predicate) gender differences among Swedish persons. whole 9000 persons were participated. Result revealed that multiple demands increase the hazard of enduring from weariness among both adult females and work forces, but it is plainly among adult females that an addition in the per centum ( Nordenmark, M. , 2004 ) .A survey was conducted to measure the adult females s work functions and their sham on wellness, offbeat, and calling. Study ensureings showed that adult females put in more attempt to household jobs and c hild oversee and less to the workplace than work forces do. Heavy work loads adversely affect adult females s wellness, particularly holding a clerical, managerial, professional, or executive place, or caring for immature kids. Women s entire work duties frequently impact their callings due to compensatory decreases in work committedness and occupation position ( Gierdingen, D. , 2000 ) .A survey was conducted to visit into psychosocial factors of emphasis and wellbeing in occupationally active adult females. Wholly 98 adult females both blue- and white-collar workers participated. The survey found that psychological work demands affected most significantly wellbeing of adult females, and work insecurity was the most serious factor impacting the sensed emphasis experienced by adult females. The work-related stressors greater than that of the stressors associated with the household map, although the relationship between household operation, emphasis and wellbeing was besides cruci al ( Makowska, Z. , 1995 ) .2.3. Surveies Related to Effect of Music Therapy In Reduction of Stress A survey was conducted to measure the here and now of medicine on postoperative infliction and uneasiness among patients who underwent a entire articulatio genus arthroplasty. Wholly 56 ( 56 ) patients were indiscriminately assigned to each a harmony intercession concourse or a quiet divergence grouping. Study showed that the music group s was non significantly different from the comparing conclusion group s lessening in infliction ( F = 1.120 P = .337 ) or disquiet ( F = 1.566 P = .206 ) . However, statistical exposeings within groups indicated that the sample had a statistically important lessening in hurting ( F = 6.699 P = .001 ) and anxiousness ( F = 4.08 P = .013 ) ( Allred, K, D. , 2010 ) .A randomized authorisationled test was conducted to happen out the effect of music intercession on physiological emphasis response and anxiousness degree of automatically v entilated patients in China. Wholly 137 patients indiscriminately assigned to music listening group, earphone group or run across group. Study revealed that a important decrease in physiological emphasis response ( essence come out and respiratory rate ) in music hearing group ( P & A lt 0.001 for both variables ) and a important addition in compact rate and respiratory rate in reserve group ( P & A lt 0.001 and p = 0.032 ) .There was no alteration in earphone group. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety scurf showed a important decrease in anxiousness for the music listening group ( P & A lt 0.001 ) and earphone group compared with control group ( P & A lt 0.001 ) ( Sit, J, W. , 2010 ) .A randomized controlled test was conducted to find the effects of music therapy on labour hurting and anxiousness in Chinese para I female parents. Sixty para I expected to hold a normal self-generated transport were indiscriminately assigned to either the experimental group ( n = 30 ) or the control group ( n = 30 ) . The experimental group received everyday attention and music therapy, whereas the control group received everyday attention merely. Pain and anxiousness between groups were compared during the latent stage ( 2-4 centimeter cervical dilation ) and active stage ( 5-7 centimeter ) individually. The essences revealed that compared with the control group, the experimental group had significantly lower hurting, anxiousness and a higher finger temperature during the latent stage of labour. Though no important differences were found between the cardinal groups on all result steps during the active stage ( Liu, YH. , 2010 ) .A randomized controlled clinical test was conducted to happen out music versus Valium to cut down preoperative anxiousness. Wholly dickens hundred and seven ( 207 ) patients were participated. The Patients were randomized in to 2 groups to have Valium or listen to music on the twenty-four hours of surgery and the old twenty-four hou rs. Just before the operation, anxiousness was assessed with the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Study revealed that there were no important differences in anxiousness, cortisol degree, bosom rate, or rootage force per unit area were found between the 2 groups ( music vs ataractic ) . The findings indicate that music is every bit strong as depressants for cut downing preoperative anxiousness ( Berbel, P. , 2010 ) .A survey was conducted to mensurate and pass judgment the effectivity of music therapy intercessions on hurting and anxiousness control in patients undergoing bone marrow biopsy and aim at the Tabriz Hematology and oncology centre in Iran. Wholly 100 patients were indiscriminately assigned to one of 2 groups one group listened to music during the process, and the other did non. Consequences demonstrated that participants who listened to music had lower province anxiousness and hurting degrees than those who did non listen to music ( Shabanloei, R, 2010 ) .A randomized controlled survey was conducted on Comparison of the effectivity of music and imperfect musculus relaxation for anxiousness in chronic clogging pneumonic disease ( COPD ) . Wholly 82 COPD topics were selected from K.M.C hospitals.. After being screened, 72 topics were selected for the survey. Music group listened to a ego selected music of 60-80 beats per turn for 30 proceedingss. PMR group practiced relaxation through a pre-recorded sound of instructions of 16 musculus groups. Study showed that important chief consequence across the Sessionss for province anxiousness ( F = 62.621, P = 0.000 ) , indication anxiousness ( F = 19.528, P = 0.000 ) , dyspnoea ( F = 122.227, P = 0.000 ) , systolic blood force per unit area ( F = 63.885, P = 0.000 ) , pulse rate ( F = 115.780, P = 0.000 ) and respiratory rate ( F = 202.977, P = 0.000 ) .There were greater alterations noted by and by the 2nd session in both groups.Music and PMR are effectual in cut downing anxiousness and dyspnea alon g with physiologic steps such as systolic blood force per unit area, pulse rate and respiratory rate in two Sessionss in COPD patients. Though, decreases in the music group were greater compared to the PMR group ( Singh, V, P. , 2009 ) .A randomized controlled survey was conducted to find the consequence of music intercession in stress response among patients who have undergone bosom surgery in Sweden. Wholly Fifty-eight ( 58 ) patients who had undergone unfastened coronary arteria beltway grafting or aortal valve replacing surgery were included. On the first postoperative twenty-four hours, patients were allocated to have 30 proceedingss of uninterrupted line remainder with music and so 30 proceedingss of bed remainder or instead 60 proceedingss of uninterrupted bed remainder. The music was soft and relaxing, included different tunes in new-age manner, played with a volume at 50 to 60 dBs, and distributed through a music pillow connected to an MP3 participant. After 30 proceeding ss of bed remainder, there was a important difference in s-cortisol degrees between the groups 484. 4 mmol/L in the music group versus 618.8 mmol/L in the control group ( P & A lt .02 ) ( Nilson, U. , 2009 ) .A case- control survey was conducted to measure the consequence of music on anxiousness, emphasis, and embossment degrees in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Consequences showed that important lessenings in average tonss of province anxiousness ( P = 0.006 ) , emphasis ( P = 0.001 ) and depression P = 0.02 ) who listened to 20 proceedingss of loosen uping music, as compared with the control group who had 20 proceedingss of bed remainder ( Moradipanah, F.,2009 ) .A prospective randomized controlled test was conducted to measure the effectivity of music in decrease of anxiousness degrees among patients go toing for endoscopy. Wholly 180 patients were indiscriminately assigned to either a music intercession group or a quiet remainder group. Result revealed that import ant decrease in anxiousness tonss in music intercession group compared to command ( EL-Hassan, H. , 2009 ) .An experimental survey was conducted to research the effects of preferable music hearing on anxiousness and hurting perceptual experience in patients who diagnosed with terminal phase nephritic failure undergoing hemodialysis. Wholly 60 patients were indiscriminately assigned to two groups. Preferred music given to intervention group. The control group scored significantly higher in province anxiousness, and higher hurting strength than the experimental group ( Pothoulaki, M. , 2009 ) .A survey was conducted to happen out the consequence of music entirely, aromatherapy entirely, and music in add-on to aromatherapy on anxiousness degrees of grownups attach toing kids to a paediatric requisite section waiting country. The survey was carried out over 28 back-to-back yearss, the group was assigned an intercession, music, aromatherapy, and both music and aromatherapy. The music wa s classical with a pacing of 60 to 70 beats per minute. The aromatherapy used the necessary oil Neroli dispersed utilizing 2 aromatherapy diffusors placed in strategic airflow terminals of the exigency section. After the 1104 studies, there was a statistically important lessening in anxiousness degree on those yearss when music was playing ( 36.3 vs. 39.2 P = 0.017 ) ( Holm, L. , 2008 ) .An experimental survey was conducted to measure the impact of music on pregnant adult females. Wholly 236 pregnant adult females participated. The pregnant adult females assigned to two groups, 116 pregnant adult females to a music group and 120 to a control group. The music group showed important decreases in emphasis, anxiousness and depression after merely two hebdomads compared than control group ( Chang, M, Y. , 2008 ) .A randomized control test was conducted to hit the books the consequence of music therapy on emphasis response in patients undergoing twenty-four hours surgery. Sixty patient s were randomized to one of three groups. Before and during surgery, patients in group 1 listened to new age music and those in group 2 listened to a pick of music from one of four manners. Patients in the control group comprehend the normal sounds of the operating theater. Plasma degrees of hydrocortisone were evaluated earlier, during and after the operation. Plasma hydrocortisone degrees decreased during surgery in both patient groups who listened to music, but increased in the control group ( Leardi, S. , 2007 ) . .An experimental survey was conducted to look into the consequence of unrecorded music on diminishing anxiousness in patients undergoing chemotherapy intervention. Wholly 50 ( 50 ) patients were assigned to experimental ( n = 25 ) and control ( n = 25 ) group. Subjects in the experimental group received 20 proceedingss of familiar unrecorded music during their chemotherapy intervention. Subjects in the control group received ideal chemotherapy. Consequences of the su rvey showed statistically important betterment for the experimental group on the steps of anxiousness, fright, weariness, relaxation, and diastolic blood force per unit area ( Ferrer, A, J. , 2007 ) .An experimental survey was conducted to analyze the consequence of music therapy on the anxiousness degrees and sleep forms of abused adult females in shelters. Wholly 28 ( 28 ) adult females were randomized in to two groups. First group had a 20-minute recording of participant-selected music with a Progressive Muscle liberalization book ( Experimental ) . Second group non listen any types of music ( Control ) . Consequences indicated that music therapy effected an effectual method for cut downing anxiousness degrees. Results besides indicated a important consequence on sleep quality for the experimental group, but non for the control group ( Hernandenz-Ruitz, E. , 2005 ) .An experimental survey was conducted to measure the effects of loosen uping music on cardiac autonomic balance an d anxiousness among abrupt myocardial infarction. Wholly 45 ( 45 ) patients were included. They were grouped in to 3 groups. Group ( 1 ) had 20 proceedingss of music in a quiet, reposeful environment ( experimental group ) group ( 2 ) had quiet, reposeful environment without music ( attending ) or group ( 3 ) had intervention as usual ( control ) . Immediately after the intercession, decreases in bosom rate, respiratory rate, and myocardial O demand were significantly greater in the experimental group than in the control group. Increases in high-frequency bosom rate variableness were significantly greater in the experimental and attending groups than in the control group instantly after the intercession. State anxiousness was trim back in the experimental group merely ( White, J, M. , 1999 ) .An experimental survey was conducted to measure the effectivity of a music therapy intercession on relaxation and anxiousness for patients having ventilator aid. Wholly 50 four ( 54 ) were participated. The group randomized in to two groups. State anxiousness ( pre and post trial ) , bosom rate, respiratory rate were obtained every 5 proceedingss for 30 proceedingss. Patient who received music therapy ( na?27 ) reported significantly less anxiousness station trial than those patient in the control group ( na?27 ) .Heart rate and respiratory rate decreased over clip for those patient in the music group was compared with the control group topics ( Chlan,1998 ) .An experimental survey was conducted to measure the effects of relaxation and music therapy among patients with presumptive acute myocardial infarction. Wholly 80 patients were indiscriminately assigned to a relaxation, music therapy, or control group. The relaxation and music therapy groups participated in three Sessionss over a two-day period. Study revealed that take downing apical bosom rates and raising peripheral temperatures were more successful in the relaxation and music therapy groups than in the contro l group ( Guzzetta, C, E. , 1989 ) .

Health literacy and patient safety & role of advance practise nurse Term Paper

Health literacy and patient safety & intent of advance practise nurse - Term Paper ExampleStudies have shown that patient friendly communication and an open attitude to answering questions be the best strategies for helping patients understand medical information, and caring for them more than effectively. Health literacy is defined as the degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic wellness information and services needed to make appropriate health decisions (Ratzan and Parker, 2000). The first step for an ripe(p) devote nurse to measure levels of health literacy in a patient, is to overcome barriers of communication and create an open embarrass free environment. An attitude of helpfulness and understanding of his/her problems, and offering an environment of privacy to answer questions and discuss details of history, education and medications, will enhance understanding and a feeling of adequacy in patients. Having a family componen t present if the patient feels more comfortable, and willingness to answer any questions, even repetitive ones, help instill confidence. An advanced practice nurse needs to take patient backgrounds into account while communicating with them. Things like undersurface they read the instructions on pill boxes or do they recognize them by color? are important indications of the level of health literacy in patients.

Auditing and Reporting of Business Performance Coursework

Auditing and Reporting of business organization death penalty - Coursework ExampleThe Internal Auditing System pauperization to follow a structured model within the governing bodys business framework that enables the business data to be fetched from various data sources such that they can be mapped with the Strategic Business Objectives within the auditing framework. given up that the strategic objectives of every business would be different, an empirical analysis pertaining to an industrial sector in general may not be completely useful to every company in that Industry. However, Organizations can definitely stop the direction on the methodology that can lead to successful implementation of an Internal Auditing system which in turn can help in mapping the internal systems & processes of the organization with the strategic business objectives. This question is an attempt to establish such an empirical generalization pertaining to the modern practices in auditing and improveme nt of Business Performance (Hewitt, Bill. 2008. pp50 Pollieri, Maria. 2007. pp26-30 Boerner, Hank. 2007. pp41-43 James, Mick. 2008. pp27-28)While an external auditor can add value to the internal auditing system of an organization, the actual contributions would be tangible from the internal auditing team only. ... This is because the reports being put forward to the executive management would be efficaciously modelled and consolidated by an internal team possessing in depth knowledge of the business system of the organization. Given the role & positioning of Internal Auditors, they are best placed to analyze and build these analytical models and draw audit reports that shall help the executive management to take timely proactive steps in enact to protect the current competitive advantages as well as form new competitive advantages of the organization in new market segments, locations or countries. These models deliver intelligently analyzed reports pertaining to business perform ance and so are commonly known as Business Performance Management (BPM) that is supported by the Business Activity Monitoring (BAM) systems.A BAM system has the potential to enable a business towards partial or full automation of business modelling & reporting consequently ensuring better Process Efficiency, intensify Employee Productivity, enhanced Customer satisfaction & retention, Transparency, Accuracy & Security of Business Information, improved compliance to Statutory Requirements & Regulations, and finally surety of Business & enhancement of Bottom Lines. The BPM practice essentially changes the way a business operates thus making it more structured, disciplined, informed and well aligned towards the business goals. Such a system unleashes a number of secrets of correlations and analysis pertaining to the business dynamics delivered with excellent levels of accuracy. The Internal Auditors are informed with accurate and self-consistent data from a tightly integrated and c ontrolled system. (Landry, Steven. P, 2008. p218 April, Carolyn A. and Margulius David L. 2002. pp27)Table of